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Engineers Test Exam 13 > Pierce Engine Operation > Flashcards

Pierce Engine Operation Flashcards

1
Q

Diesel engines ___ for ignition and will continue to run as long as there is fuel
available.

A

do not require a spark

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2
Q

If the engine is operated in an atmosphere that is laden with fuel vapors such as is found at a fuel spill, the engine may ___. Turning the ignition switch or battery switch
off in this situation will not affect the speed of the engine.

A

increase speed uncontrollably

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3
Q

A diesel truck engine may consume over ___ of air for every gallon of fuel that it burns

A

12,500 gallons

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4
Q

The air cleaner

element filters this air to ensure that ___ are not allowed to contaminate the engine.

A

dirt and dust

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5
Q

A ___ air cleaner
element is a common cause of air restriction. The result is too little air to ____. Some of the excess fuel
will cause a ______.

A

dirty / burn all the fuel / smoky exhaust and lost horsepower

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6
Q

Air Restriction Indicator: In addition, the excess fuel washes ___ off cylinder walls
resulting in ____ . Regular inspection and maintenance of the air intake tubing and
connections is important to prevent any unfiltered air from entering the engine

A

lubricating oil / seized pistons and bearing failures

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7
Q

Air intake restriction indicator light activated means:

A

The air cleaner filter element is dirty and requires replacement.
The air cleaner filter element has become saturated with water over most or all of the element surface.
The ductwork or screen in front of the air cleaner has become plugged or otherwise restricted.

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8
Q

Never blend ____ with diesel fuel. This practice
creates an extreme fire or explosive hazard that could cause property damage, personal injury, or
death.

A

gasoline, gasohol, alcohol, or other volatile substances

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9
Q

2007 EPA, 2010 EPA & 2013 EPA engines require the use of specific oil and diesel fuel. The diesel fuel
to be used shall be ______

A

Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel (ULSD) fuel containing 15 parts per million (PPM) sulfur
content or less.

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10
Q

Cummins Inc. recommends that 2007 EPA, 2010 EPA & 2013 EPA engines use a ____ that meets the requirements of Cummins Engineering Standard
CES20081/API CJ-4/SL for maximum DPF maintenance intervals

A

high quality 15W-40

multi viscosity heavy-duty engine oil

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11
Q

Cummins allows the use of
_____ with no change in oil drain intervals. However, the after-treatment
maintenance interval will be reduced with the use of ______

A

CES20078/API CI-4/SL oil / CES20078/CI-4 oil.

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12
Q

DEF: Acceptable DEF fluid used shall meet ____

A

ISO 22241-1 or DIN 70700 specifications

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13
Q

DEF: DEF fluid should be stored at

temperatures between ____ and has a minimum shelf life of ____

A

10°F - 90°F / 12 months.

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14
Q

DEF: The ____ Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) reservoir is located in the driver’s side rear wheel fender. The reservoir
has a blue cap and is accompanied by a DEF fluid only label.

A

4.5 gallon

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15
Q

In the event that the incorrect fluid has been added to the DEF tank, such as, but not limited to: _______ Contact Pierce Customer Service to determine the appropriate repair action.

A

Water/ diesel fuel/ hydraulic fluid/ coolant/ windshield washer fluid

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16
Q

DEF: If ___ has been added to the DEF tank, drain the DEF tank, flush with ____ and refill with new and/
or known good DEF.

A

only water / distilled water

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17
Q

Do ___ add any chemicals/additives to the DEF in an effort to ____. If chemicals/additives
are added to the DEF, the aftertreatment system may be damaged.

A

NOT / prevent freezing.

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18
Q

DEF will freeze around _____. The DEF system on the vehicle is designed to accommodate this and does
not require any intervention from the operator.

A

11°F (-12°C)

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19
Q

Cold Weather Operation:. Operation of a diesel engine

at low idle for extended periods of time can cause _____.

A

engine damage.

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20
Q

Cold weather operation guidelines: Avoid extended idling _____ whenever possible.

A

(beyond 10 minutes)

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21
Q

Cold weather operation guidelines: Maintain a minimum of _____. Always make
sure that parking brake is applied and transmission is in neutral before applying hand throttle.

A

1250 rpm idle by use of the hand throttle or high idle system.

22
Q

After Treatment Device (ATD), a special exhaust canister which has replaced the typical muffler. This canister
contains a ____ (DOC) and a _____ (DPF)

A

Diesel Oxidation Catalyst / Diesel Particulate Filter

23
Q

The DPF will trap _____. Soot accumulation in the DPF requires periodic self-cleaning
through a process called ____

A

particulate

matter or soot and ash while the engine is running / regeneration

24
Q

Regeneration may occur ___ when the exhaust is hot enough to burn the soot off

A

naturally

25
Q

Regeneration may require intervention, either by the engine ECU or operator intervention, by _____, which raises exhaust temperatures enough to burn off accumulated soot.

A

injecting a

small amount of fuel into the DOC,

26
Q

Selective Catalyst Reduction (SCR) device. The SCR is a ______ created during the combustion process.

A

catalytic converter that uses vaporized diesel exhaust

fluid (DEF), fed by a tank., to reduce nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions

27
Q

Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF). Also known as DEF, urea, or Ad-Blue, a solution of _____,
which breaks down into ______ during a chemical reaction in a decomposition reactor through a process
known as ____

A

32.5% urea and deionized water / ammonia NH3) / hydrolysis

28
Q

The Nitrogen Oxide NOx and ammonia (NH3) pass into the SCR element where a catalytic reaction takes
place, converting the NOx into ______

A

harmless nitrogen gas (N2) and water vapor (H2O).

29
Q

After Treatment Device Indicator Lights: The amber Check Engine, or Engine Warning, light indicates a _____. The operator can ____ and call
service to remedy the problem.

A

non-critical system fault with

the engine has occurred / drive the vehicle to the end of their shift

30
Q

After Treatment Device Indicator Lights: The ____ indicates a serious engine fault that may result____ as soon as it is safe to do so. The engine
should remain shut down until serviced by an authorized Cummins dealer.

A

red Stop Engine light / in engine damage

has occurred and the vehicle should be shut down

31
Q

After Treatment Device Indicator Lights: The Malfunction Indicator (MIL) light (ISX 15 2010 EPA, 2013 EPA & later engines only)
illuminates when _____. The engine and
aftertreatment system should be diagnosed and serviced at the next available opportunity.

A

a fault has occurred on an emission related component.

32
Q

If the ______ illuminate together, the vehicle should be stopped as soon
as it is safe to do so. The vehicle should be serviced by an authorized Cummins dealer.

A

MIL and Stop Engine Lamp

33
Q

Diesel Particulate Filter Light : On solid ______. The vehicle requires regeneration
but should be able to complete its mission before a regen is performed.

A

(low to medium levels of particulate build up)

34
Q

Diesel Particulate Filter Light : On solid :

  • Ensure the Regen Inhibit Switch is not activated.
  • Initiate a DPF regeneration by switching to a more challenging duty cycle____
  • OR perform a ____
A

(such as

highway driving for at least 20 minutes or pumping) / parked regeneration.

35
Q

Diesel Particulate Filter Light : Flashing _____ The vehicle requires a
regeneration _____.
- Perform a regeneration by switching to a ____

A

(medium to high levels of particulate build up) / as soon as possible
/ more challenging duty cycle or a parked
regeneration.

36
Q

Diesel Particulate Filter Light: Flashing with amber Check Engine light: _____. A DPF
regeneration is required ____.
- An automatic regeneration will not initiate. The operator must perform ____.

A

(high level of particulate build up) / immediately / a parked
regeneration.

37
Q

Diesel Particulate Filter Light: If a parked regeneration is not performed the ___ will illuminate.
As soon as it is safe to do so, the vehicle should be _____
until serviced by an authorized Cummins dealer.

A

red Stop Engine lamp / stopped and remain shut down

38
Q

Diesel Particulate Filter Light: High Exhaust System Temperature (HEST) light indicates an _____ normal levels. The
HEST light will remain on until exhaust temperatures have dropped below _____

A

active regeneration has

been initiated and exhaust system temperatures are elevated above / 977°F (525°C).

39
Q

Diesel Particulate Filter Light: If the HEST light is ON and the vehicle speed has dropped below the threshold ______, the light will remain ON until the vehicle speed _____ and the regeneration process finishes

A

of 5 miles
per hour / increases ~3 mph back above the
speed threshold

40
Q

Passive regeneration can occur during normal engine operation, typically at higher engine speeds (i.e. highway
driving) and/or high loads, when exhaust temperatures naturally get ____ in the DPF.

A

high enough to oxidize the soot

41
Q

Passive regeneration: No

engine ECU or operator intervention is required, and the operator will ____

A

not see a difference in vehicle performance

during the process.

42
Q

Passive regeneration: No _____ do not occur during passive regeneration.

A

extra fuel is used, and excessive exhaust temperatures

43
Q

Passive regeneration: The DPF light may temporarily illuminate and extinguish if soot levels reach moderately high levels, but because
conditions allow, the passive regeneration process _____

A

reduces the soot load naturally

44
Q

Active regeneration is controlled by the engine ECU. The active regeneration process _______. This raises the exhaust temperature to
provide the heat needed to burn off the accumulated soot and regenerate the DPF.

A

removes collected soot in the

DPF by injecting a small amount of diesel fuel into the exhaust stream.

45
Q

Active Regeneration can happen while ______

A

the truck is being driven, when in stationary truck operations, or during
pumping operations.

46
Q

The need for active regeneration occurs more frequently _____

A

within low speed, low load, or stop and go conditions.

47
Q

When the DPF light turns on, the operator can:
Provide assistance to the engine by either _____ (Automatic Active Regeneration), or Manually initiate a parked regeneration using the _____ which is located in the cab within
reach of the driver (Parked / Stationary Regeneration).

A

changing the duty cycle to allow the engine ECU to initiate the
regeneration / regeneration switch

48
Q

The engine ECU will automatically activate a regeneration when the following vehicle conditions are satisfied:
DPF light illuminates (______) and the ECU looks for opportunities to regenerate

A

soot is accumulated in the DPF filter

49
Q 
The engine ECU will automatically activate a regeneration when the following vehicle conditions are satisfied: 
Sufficient \_\_\_\_ (engine fully warm and under load; typical pumping or
highway driving conditions should be adequate).
A

exhaust flow and temperature conditions

50
Q

The engine ECU will automatically activate a regeneration when the following vehicle conditions are satisfied:
Speedometer showing ______ or in pumping mode.

A

5 mph or higher vehicle speed,

51
Q

When the ECU initiates the regeneration, exhaust system temperatures will rise, and the HEST lamp will illuminate
with temperatures above ____

A

977°F (525°C)

52
Q

Automatic active regeneration can be temporarily suspended using the ____

A

regeneration inhibit switch.

Engineers Test Exam 13 (12 decks)

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