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Pics Flashcards

1
Q

Name of lesion and dx

A

Bacilary angiomatosis = rare gram negative bacillus infection causing vascular lesions

Dx = AIDs

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2
Q
A

Seborrheic keratosis

-warty with stuck on appearance

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3
Q

Name the lesion

A

Classic butterfly appearance of glioblastoma multiforme

-butterfly w/ central necrosis

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4
Q

How to treat

A

Treating erythema nodosum: disease is usually self-limiting (aka no tx but symptomatic needed)

-but if due to underlying d/o (ex: strep pharyngitis, sarcoidosis): then will resolve w/ tx of underlying d/o

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5
Q

26 yo Mexican M w/ RUQ pain and low fevers

  • WBC 11.2, alk phos 300
  • sterile BCx
    (a) Dx
    (b) Tx
A

(a) Dx = amebic abscess by intestinal protozoan, entamoeba histolytica
- abdominal pain, fever, leukocytosis, liver abscess of imaging
(b) Tx = empiric metronidazole

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6
Q

PPD induration that is considered positive for

(a) anyone
(b) immunocompromised pts

A

PPT induration positive in

(a) Anyone: > 15 mm
(b) Immunocompromised: > 5 mm

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7
Q

Identify the lesion

A

Dermatofibroma = firm, hyperpigmented, dimpled/buttonhole center

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8
Q

Name of finding

(a) Dx

A

Erythema chronicum migrans

(a) Rash characteristic of early Lyme disease

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9
Q

Squamous vs. basal cell carcinoma

A

Squamous- more ulcerated nasty appearance

  • arises from actinic keratosis
  • higher metastatic potential

Basal- translucent pearly papule w/ telangectasias

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10
Q

Dx and Tx

A

Subconjunctival hemorrhage

-benign => tx w/ observation

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11
Q

(a) EKG finding
(b) Dx
(c) Tx

A

(a) Varying amplitudes (beat by beat variation) in QRS axis and amplitude due to swinging motion of heart in pericardial cavity during pericardial effusion = Electrical alternans
(b) Electrical alternans + sinus tachy = cardiac tamponade
(c) Tx = pericardiocentesis

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12
Q
A

Subarachnoid hemorrhage- blood in cisterns

Etiologies

  • trauma
  • nontraumatic: rupture of berry aneurysm
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13
Q

Epidural vs. subdural hemorrhage appearance on CT

A
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14
Q
A

Multiple sclerosis- paraventricular white matter lesions

-multiple, bilateral, asymmetric hyperintense lesions representing clusters of demyelinated neurons

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15
Q
A

Livedo Reticularis = lace-like purplish discoloration of the skin caused by swelling of venules due to carpillary obstruction by small blood clots

Lots of causes, including connective tissue diseases: SLE, vasculitis, anti-phospholipid syndrome

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16
Q
A

Dupuytren’s contracture = palmar fibromatosis causing limited extension of the 4th and 5th digit

Men 10x more likely than women, runs in families (genetic component)

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17
Q

Went away then came back

A

Epidermal (inclusion) cyst = benign nodule usually from trauma or acne (but mostly ppl dont know how it came about)

  • firm cutaneous nodule
  • freely moving
  • central punctum (por-like opening)
  • usually resolve spontaneously but often recur

VS. lipoma- don’t recur and don’t have central punctum

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18
Q
A

Hidradenitis suppurativa = acne inversa = chronic inflammatory condition involving the sweat glands

  • associated pain, malodor, and disfigurement :-(
  • often misdiagnosed as furunculosis (boils)
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19
Q
A

Crescent sign and halo sign = invasive aspergillosis

Solid mass surrounded by radiolucent crescent

20
Q
A

Erythema nodosum = red patches on anterior bottom leg (shins)

Etiologies: idiopathic, strep pharyngitis

EN + hilar lymphadenopathy = Sarcoidosis

21
Q

Which skin cancer is more common in immunosuppressed and transplant pts?

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

22
Q

CD4 count of

(a) Pt w/o HIV
(b) Pt w/ HIV at high risk for PCP

A

CD4 count of

(a) non-HIV pt = 500 - 1,500
(b) HIV pt at pretty high risk for PCP (and other opportunistic infections) when CD4 count gets under 200

23
Q
A

Ichthyosis vulgaris = skin disorder causing dry, scaly skin

-autosomal dominant inheritance

Dry, dead skin cells accumulate in patches on surface

-‘fish scale disease’ b/c dead skin accumulates in a patterm similar to fish’s scales

24
Q
A

Bamboo sign of thickened/calcified ligament and SI joints fuse

-characteristic of ankylosing spondylitis

25
68 yo M on furosemide
Bullous pemphigoid = Autoimmune blistering disorder of pruritis, tense bullae, and uticarial plaques
26
27
Distinguish the joints found int he hand
DIP --\> PIP --\> MCP --\> CMC
28
Pleural plaques- suggests asbestosis
29
Dermatofibroma = hyperpigmented w/ dimpling effect when area is pinched off - usually on lower extremities - benign fibroblast proliferation
30
PML = progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy = reactivation of the JC virus in immunocompromised pts (HIV, chemo, cancer) - occurs in white matter - hypodense on CT
31
Lung nodule in pt on chemotherapy
Halo sign- indicative of invasive aspergillosis -aspergillosis = opportunistic infxn
32
Chancre of primary syphilis
33
Associated conditions
Rouleaux formation associated w/ elevated serum protein -multiple myeloma
34
Hampton's hump
Radiographic sign of a PE -wedge shaped infarct
35
In HIV+ IVDU
HIV+ IVDU have high risk for infective endocarditis, most commonly staph aureus on the tricuspid valve (right heart) - shoot septic emboli into the pulmonary vasculature - see cavitations distal to the pulmonary emboli
36
Cavitated lesion in lung field- suspicious of pulmonary tuberculosis
37
Lung cancer- classically spiculated rounded mass
38
Name the finding: (a) What does it indicate?
(a) Porcelain gallbladder- calcium-laiden gallbladder wall associated w/ chronic cholecystitis - can present w/ firm nontender RUQ mass on physical exam
39
HIV pt w/ the following CT
Pneumocystic pneumonia -diffuse interstitial pattern on CXR/CT
40
Cherry hemangioma- small red cutaneous papules in aging adults -don't regree spontaneously but are benign and generally don't require tx Don't confuse w/ strawberry (aka infantile) hemangiomas that appear in the first week of life and regree spontaneously by age 5-8
41
Lip finding + findings on colonoscopy
Peutz-Jeghers = autosomal dominant polyposis syndrome - hemartomas (benign neoplasm in tissue of origin) scattered through entire GI tract - hyperpigmented lesions on mouth, hands, feet
42
Meds that commonly cause bullous pemphigoid
Furosemide, NSAIDs, captopril (ACEi), penicillamine, various abx
43
Describe teh typical Xray finding of ankylosing spondylitis
'bamboo sign' -see fusion of the SI joints/vertebral bodies
44
Diagnosis- mechanism
Charcot joint- most common cause is diabetic neuropathy Loss of peripheral sensation =\> multiple microtraumas that go unnoticed by the patient =\> very high risk of truama causing disability
45
Differentiate appearance of basal cell carcinoma vs. dermatofibroma
Basal cell carcinoma has pearly white nodule w/ telangectasias - in sun exposed area - no central dimpling - uncommon in young adults Dermatofibroma- more common in young adults, firm hyperpigmented nodule w/ a dimpled/button-holed center
46
Rosecea vs. acne vulgaris
47
(a) Dx (b) Common associated finding
(a) Wedge-shaped infarction = Pulmonary embolism (b) Common associated finding

Amb Care (13 decks)

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