Pics Flashcards
Name of lesion and dx
Bacilary angiomatosis = rare gram negative bacillus infection causing vascular lesions
Dx = AIDs
Seborrheic keratosis
-warty with stuck on appearance
Name the lesion
Classic butterfly appearance of glioblastoma multiforme
-butterfly w/ central necrosis
How to treat
Treating erythema nodosum: disease is usually self-limiting (aka no tx but symptomatic needed)
-but if due to underlying d/o (ex: strep pharyngitis, sarcoidosis): then will resolve w/ tx of underlying d/o
26 yo Mexican M w/ RUQ pain and low fevers
- WBC 11.2, alk phos 300
- sterile BCx
(a) Dx
(b) Tx
(a) Dx = amebic abscess by intestinal protozoan, entamoeba histolytica
- abdominal pain, fever, leukocytosis, liver abscess of imaging
(b) Tx = empiric metronidazole
PPD induration that is considered positive for
(a) anyone
(b) immunocompromised pts
PPT induration positive in
(a) Anyone: > 15 mm
(b) Immunocompromised: > 5 mm
Identify the lesion
Dermatofibroma = firm, hyperpigmented, dimpled/buttonhole center
Name of finding
(a) Dx
Erythema chronicum migrans
(a) Rash characteristic of early Lyme disease
Squamous vs. basal cell carcinoma
Squamous- more ulcerated nasty appearance
- arises from actinic keratosis
- higher metastatic potential
Basal- translucent pearly papule w/ telangectasias
Dx and Tx
Subconjunctival hemorrhage
-benign => tx w/ observation
(a) EKG finding
(b) Dx
(c) Tx
(a) Varying amplitudes (beat by beat variation) in QRS axis and amplitude due to swinging motion of heart in pericardial cavity during pericardial effusion = Electrical alternans
(b) Electrical alternans + sinus tachy = cardiac tamponade
(c) Tx = pericardiocentesis
Subarachnoid hemorrhage- blood in cisterns
Etiologies
- trauma
- nontraumatic: rupture of berry aneurysm
Epidural vs. subdural hemorrhage appearance on CT
Multiple sclerosis- paraventricular white matter lesions
-multiple, bilateral, asymmetric hyperintense lesions representing clusters of demyelinated neurons
Livedo Reticularis = lace-like purplish discoloration of the skin caused by swelling of venules due to carpillary obstruction by small blood clots
Lots of causes, including connective tissue diseases: SLE, vasculitis, anti-phospholipid syndrome
Dupuytren’s contracture = palmar fibromatosis causing limited extension of the 4th and 5th digit
Men 10x more likely than women, runs in families (genetic component)
Went away then came back
Epidermal (inclusion) cyst = benign nodule usually from trauma or acne (but mostly ppl dont know how it came about)
- firm cutaneous nodule
- freely moving
- central punctum (por-like opening)
- usually resolve spontaneously but often recur
VS. lipoma- don’t recur and don’t have central punctum
Hidradenitis suppurativa = acne inversa = chronic inflammatory condition involving the sweat glands
- associated pain, malodor, and disfigurement :-(
- often misdiagnosed as furunculosis (boils)
Crescent sign and halo sign = invasive aspergillosis
Solid mass surrounded by radiolucent crescent
Erythema nodosum = red patches on anterior bottom leg (shins)
Etiologies: idiopathic, strep pharyngitis
EN + hilar lymphadenopathy = Sarcoidosis
Which skin cancer is more common in immunosuppressed and transplant pts?
Squamous cell carcinoma
Ichthyosis vulgaris = skin disorder causing dry, scaly skin
-autosomal dominant inheritance
Dry, dead skin cells accumulate in patches on surface
-‘fish scale disease’ b/c dead skin accumulates in a patterm similar to fish’s scales
Bamboo sign of thickened/calcified ligament and SI joints fuse
-characteristic of ankylosing spondylitis
68 yo M on furosemide
Bullous pemphigoid = Autoimmune blistering disorder of pruritis, tense bullae, and uticarial plaques
Distinguish the joints found int he hand
DIP –> PIP –> MCP –> CMC
Pleural plaques- suggests asbestosis
Dermatofibroma = hyperpigmented w/ dimpling effect when area is pinched off
- usually on lower extremities
- benign fibroblast proliferation
PML = progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy = reactivation of the JC virus in immunocompromised pts (HIV, chemo, cancer)
- occurs in white matter
- hypodense on CT
Lung nodule in pt on chemotherapy
Halo sign- indicative of invasive aspergillosis
-aspergillosis = opportunistic infxn
Chancre of primary syphilis
Associated conditions
Rouleaux formation associated w/ elevated serum protein
-multiple myeloma
Hampton’s hump
Radiographic sign of a PE
-wedge shaped infarct
In HIV+ IVDU
HIV+ IVDU have high risk for infective endocarditis, most commonly staph aureus on the tricuspid valve (right heart)
- shoot septic emboli into the pulmonary vasculature
- see cavitations distal to the pulmonary emboli
Cavitated lesion in lung field- suspicious of pulmonary tuberculosis
Lung cancer- classically spiculated rounded mass
Name the finding:
(a) What does it indicate?
(a) Porcelain gallbladder- calcium-laiden gallbladder wall associated w/ chronic cholecystitis
- can present w/ firm nontender RUQ mass on physical exam
HIV pt w/ the following CT
Pneumocystic pneumonia
-diffuse interstitial pattern on CXR/CT
Cherry hemangioma- small red cutaneous papules in aging adults
-don’t regree spontaneously but are benign and generally don’t require tx
Don’t confuse w/ strawberry (aka infantile) hemangiomas that appear in the first week of life and regree spontaneously by age 5-8
Lip finding + findings on colonoscopy
Peutz-Jeghers = autosomal dominant polyposis syndrome
- hemartomas (benign neoplasm in tissue of origin) scattered through entire GI tract
- hyperpigmented lesions on mouth, hands, feet
Describe teh typical Xray finding of ankylosing spondylitis
‘bamboo sign’
-see fusion of the SI joints/vertebral bodies
Diagnosis- mechanism
Charcot joint- most common cause is diabetic neuropathy
Loss of peripheral sensation => multiple microtraumas that go unnoticed by the patient => very high risk of truama causing disability
Rosecea vs. acne vulgaris
(a) Dx
(b) Common associated finding
(a) Wedge-shaped infarction = Pulmonary embolism
(b) Common associated finding
