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Phase 2 7. Year 2 medication list > PI > Flashcards

PI Flashcards

1
Q

What type of drug is Methylphenidate

A

Psychostimulants

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2
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Methylphenidate

A

Increases firing rates of dopaminergic neurones, thus

increase in dopamine.
Methylphenidate inhibits dopamine reuptake transporters,
thus prolongs effect of dopamine in the synaptic cleft.

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3
Q

What is Methylphenidate used to treat

A

ADHD

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4
Q

What are the side effects of Methylphenidate

A

Potential for growth
retardation in children.
BP and HR irregularities
Insomnia, Anorexia.

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5
Q

What type of drug is Dexamphetamine

A

Psychostimulants

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6
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Dexamphetamine

A

Dexamphetamine facilitates the release of dopamine
from the presynaptic cytoplasmic storage vesicles. This
results in a net increase in dopamine levels.

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7
Q

What is Dexamphetamine used to treat

A

ADHD

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8
Q

What are the side effects of Dexamphetamine

A

Potential for growth
retardation in children.
BP and HR irregularities
Insomnia, Anorexia.

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9
Q

What class of drug is Atomoxetine

A

Noradrenaline Reuptake Inhibitor (NRI)

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10
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Atomoxetine

A

2nd line drug in ADHD. Enhances noradrenaline

transmission in the prefrontal cortex area

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11
Q

What is Atomoxetine used to treat

A

ADHD

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12
Q

What are the side effects of Atomoxetine

A

Dizziness, Sedation,

Hypotension

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13
Q

What type of drug is Vemurafenib

A

BRAF Enzyme Inhibitor

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14
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Vemurafenib

A

Vemurafenib is a reversible, ATP-competitive inhibitor of
the kinase domain of BRAF. This drug shrinks tumours in
about half of the people whose metastatic melanoma has a BRAF gene change.

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15
Q

What is Vemurafenib used to treat?

A

Metastatic Tumours, BRAF

mutation.

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16
Q

What type of drug is Ipilimumab

A

Anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibody

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17
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Ipilimumab

A

Blocks CTLA-4 antigen on the T cell, which is normally
required as the “off switch” for cytotoxic T cells to prevent
it from activating an immune response.

18
Q

What is Ipilimumab used to treat?

A

Cancer, Metastasis

19
Q

What are the side effects of Ipilimumab

A

May result in loss of

peripheral tolerance.

20
Q

What class of drug is Nivolumab

A

Anti-PDL1

21
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Nivolumab

A

PD-L1 is expressed on cancer cells. PD1 is expressed on T cells. If they activate, the T cell will

22
Q

What is Nivolumab used to treat

A

Cancer, Metastasis

23
Q

What type of drug is Fluoxetine

A

Selective Serotonin
Reuptake Inhibitors
(SSRIs)

24
Q

What is Fluoxetine used to treat

A

Prevent the reuptake of serotonin at the post-synaptic

membrane.

25
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Fluoxetine

A

Depression

26
Q

what are the side effects of Fluoxetine

A

Nausea, vomiting, agitation, sexual dysfunction, hyponatremia, sweating

27
Q

What type of drug is Amitriptyline

A

Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs)

28
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Amitriptyline

A

Prevent the reuptake of serotonin at the post-synaptic

membrane.

29
Q

What is Amitriptyline used to treat

A

Depression

30
Q

What type of drug is Phenelzine

A

Anticholinergic effects,
sedation, weight gain,
hyponatremia, cardiotoxic
effects, hallucinations

31
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Phenelzine

A

Monoamine Oxidase

Inhibitors (MAOIs)

32
Q

What is Phenelzine used to treat

A

Irreversible, non-competitive inhibitors of monoamine

oxidases.

33
Q

What are the side effects of Amitriptyline

A

Depression

34
Q

What type of drug is Imatinib

A

Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor

35
Q

What is the mechanism of action of imatinib

A

Works by inhibiting the abl gene. Thus the mutated bcr-

abl composition is broken.

36
Q

What is imatinib used to treat

A

Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia

37
Q

What type of drugs are:
Donepizil
Rivastigmine
Galantamine

A

Cholinesterase Inhibitors

38
Q

What is the mechanism of action of:
Donepizil
Rivastigmine
Galantamine

A

These increase brain acetylcholine levels by inhibiting CNS acetylcholinesterase. Effective in DLB and Parkinson’s Dementia but not FTD/Vascular dementia
Effective in mild/moderate AD

39
Q

What are the following used to treat:
Donepizil
Rivastigmine
Galantamine

A

Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB) & Parkinson’s Dementia

Alzheimer’s Disease (mild/moderate)

40
Q

What class of drug is Memantine

A

NMDA Receptor Antagonist

41
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Memantine

A

Memantine blocks the NMDA channel, reducing the
chance of a post-synaptic action potential. There is a
buildup of glutamate in AD brains, thus Memantine is
used to stop the overactivity of the glutaminergic system.

42
Q

What is Memantine used to treat?

A

Alzheimer’s Disease (moderate/severe)

Phase 2 7. Year 2 medication list (5 decks)

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