Physiology wk10 Flashcards
what is one of the main factors affecting aerobic capacity
genetics, decided vo2 max and fiber types
what are the three key elements for aerobic performance
high vo2
superior exercise economy/efficiency
high lactate threshold and critical power
what is the purpose of a warmup
- Increases cardiac output and bf to skeletal muscles
- Increases muscle temp and enzyme action
- Reduce risk of muscle injury
what is the purpose of a cool down
return pooled blood into central circulation
what are the three main training methods of improving aerobic power
- Interval training
- Long, slow distance
- High intensity, continuous exercise
what is critical power
a submaximal power output that can be maintained for indefinite periods.
what is exercise economy
metabolic and mechanical factors influencing movement economy
what is determined as your peak running velocity
highest speed that can be maintained for a period of time, this is inversely proportional to endurance race time finishes
whats the purpose of hiit
Improved VO2 max, running economy, and lactate threshold better than low-intensity intervals.
what are some injury risk factors
- Strength and flexibility imbalance.
- Footwear problems.
- Malalignment.
- Poor running surface.
- Disease (arthritis)
what does isometric/static refer to
application of force without joint movement
what is dynamic and isotonic
includes variable resistance exercises
what is isokinetic
exertion of force at a constant speed
what is the relationship between force and velocity
max strength = max velocity
combining strength and endurance training may hinder performance depending on
- Training state of individual.
- Volume and frequency of training.
- Way the two methods are integrated.
what is DOMS causes by
microscopic fiber tears in the muscle
what is balistic stretching
- Preceding a static stretch with isometric contraction of muscle being stretched.
- Contraction stimulates Golgi tendon organ.
- Requires a training partner
what is tapering
- Is the short-term reduction in training load prior to competition.
- Improves performance in both strength and endurance events.
what are the types of periodisation
- Macrocycle – entire season/year
- Mesocycle – 2-6 weeks – target specific training goals
- Microcycle. - ~7 days – a focus block of training
key concerns for female athletes
- Exercise and the menstrual cycle
- Eating disorders
- Bone mineral density
- Exercise during pregnancy
what is athletic amenorrhea
cessation of menstruation, due to modified release of hormones from hypothalamus
causes:
overtraining
stress
low energy
what is dysmenorrhea
painful menstruation due to prostaglandins, limits training due to discomfort
what is anorexia nervosa
- Extreme steps to reduce body weight.
what is treatment for anorexa
counseling
nutritional guidance
