Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

GIT Module > Physiology Qs > Flashcards

Physiology Qs Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Git Commands flashcards
1
Q

What best describes the secondary peristalsis? 2017, 2014, 2013

  1. Starts at the site where food is stuck in the esophagus after a wave of primary peristalsis
  2. initiated after swallowing
A
  1. Starts at the site where food is stuck in the esophagus after a wave of primary peristalsis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the difference between the primary salivary secretion and oral saliva? 2017, 2014

  1. The primary secretion is hypotonic and saliva is hypertonic
  2. The primary secretion contains more Na+
  3. Saliva has less HCO3
  4. Both have the same composition of electrolytes
A
  1. The primary secretion contains more Na+
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which of the following factors is responsible for the copious secretions of the salivary gland? 2016, 2015

  1. NE and NO by sympathetic
  2. NE and Ach by ANS
  3. Ach and VIP by parasympathetic
  4. Ach and NE by sympathetic
A
  1. Ach and VIP by parasympathetic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What factor increases blood flow to salivary glands? 2014

  1. Vagal cholinergic
  2. Glossopharyngeal cholinergic
  3. Bradykinin
A
  1. Bradykinin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What increases blood supply to the salivary glands? 2013, Final 2010

  1. VIP & bradykinin
  2. VIP & Ach
A
  1. VIP & bradykinin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What causes movement of water in the salivary glands? 2013

  1. Active transport of Na and isotonic fluid secretion
  2. Paracellular Na transport and isotonic fluid secretion
A
  1. Paracellular Na transport and isotonic fluid secretion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the difference between the primary salivary secretion and oral saliva? Final 2013, 2010, 2008

  1. Saliva has less HCO3
  2. Both have the same composition of electrolytes
  3. The primary secretion contains more K+
  4. The primary secretion is hypotonic and saliva is hypertonic
A
  1. The primary secretion contains more K+
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

If primary peristalsis fails to clear the bolus, a wave of secondary peristalsis is initiated at the site of the bolus. Where does that take place? Final 2011

A

Esophagus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which of the following is true regarding the effect of parasympathetic fibers on blood vessels of the salivary glands? 2011

A

VIP and bradykinin are vasodilators

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are intercalated duct cells responsible for? 2010, 2009

  1. HCO3- absorption
  2. Cl- secretion
  3. K+ absorption
  4. K+ secretion
  5. HCO3- secretion
A
  1. HCO3- secretion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the difference between primary secretion of saliva gland and the modified secretion? Final 2009

A

Tonicity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

If a person swallowed repeatedly every 1-2 seconds. What will happen? Final 2009, 2009

A

Esophagus will only contract after the last swallow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does the intercalated duct secrete? 2008

  1. Na and HCO3-
  2. Cl and K
A
  1. Na and HCO3-
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which of the following causes receptive relaxation of the stomach? Final 2017, 2011, 2009

  1. Somatostatin
  2. Gastrin
  3. Norepinephrine
  4. VIP
A
  1. VIP
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What increases both the duration and amplitude of the stomach AP? Final 2017, 2016, 2015

  1. Adrenaline
  2. Sympathetic
  3. Acetylcholine
  4. Secretin
A
  1. Acetylcholine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

High activity of fibers that secrete VIP on LES smooth muscle but vagal cholinergic fibers show no action potential. What does it indicate? 2016

  1. LES maintaining resting tone
  2. Over tightening of LES
  3. LES relaxation
  4. Absence of ANS control
A
  1. LES relaxation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

A manometer is inserted into a patient’s mouth passing through the pharynx, UES, esophageal body, and LES. What are the pressure readings? 2016, Final 2015, Final 2012, 2012, 2011, 2008

  1. 0 → 50 → 0 → 30
  2. 50 → 30 → 0 → 0
  3. 0 → 30→ 0 → 50
A
  1. 0 → 50 → 0 → 30
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Which recording of vagal inhibitory fibers (VIF) and vagal excitatory fibers (VEF) will be seen with receptive opening of the lower esophageal sphincter? Final 2015, 2012, 2011

  1. Both VIF and VEF action potentials are increased
  2. Both VIF and VEF action potentials are decreased
  3. Increased firing of VIF but absent firing of VEF
A
  1. Increased firing of VIF but absent firing of VEF
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Retropulsion and grinding is the main movement of which organ? 2015, 2014, 2009

  1. Esophagus
  2. Stomach
  3. Small Intestines
  4. Cecum
  5. Ascending Colon
A
  1. Stomach
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

A movement that occurs in both esophagus and stomach during swallowing? Final 2014, 2011

  1. Peristalsis
  2. Receptive relaxation
A
  1. Receptive relaxation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The stomach efficiently mixes food by contracting the antrum against a closed pyloric sphincter. What is this process called? Final 2014, 2011

A

Retropulsion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is responsible for receptive relaxation of both lower esophageal sphincter and stomach? 2014, 2012

  1. VIP
  2. NE
  3. Secretin
  4. Gastrin
  5. CCK
  6. Histamine
A
  1. VIP
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Which of the following factors acts to decrease the amplitude and duration of slow waves of the stomach? 2014

  1. Secretin
  2. Gastrin
  3. Distension of the stomach
  4. Cholinergic fibers
A
  1. Secretin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Which point confers the first and maximal resistance during insertion of a nasogastric tube? Final 2013, Final 2011, 2010

A

Pharyngoesophageal junction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Which of the following happens during the receptive relaxation of the LES? Final 2013, Final 2010

  1. Increase in VIP and decrease in Ach
  2. Increase in VIP and decrease in NE
A
  1. Increase in VIP and decrease in Ach
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What activates gastric secretions? 2013

A

Gastric distension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What keeps intragastric pressure constant during eating? Final 2012

  1. Increased tension and radius in the stomach
  2. Increased radius with constant tension
A

-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Where does retropulsion take place? Final 2012, Final 2011, 2009

A

Stomach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Which of the following factors promote gastric emptying? Final 2011, Final 2010

A

Gastric distension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What will constrict lower esophageal sphincter? 2010

A

Vagus Ach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What is responsible for the relaxation of the pyloric sphincter? 2009

A

VIP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Which neurotransmitter is most responsible for relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter? 2009

A

Nitric Oxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What best describes the slow waves of the intestinal smooth muscle cells? 2017

  1. Tonic contractions
  2. Action potentials
  3. Originate from interstitial cells of cajal
  4. Same frequency in all the gut
A
  1. Originate from interstitial cells of cajal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What is the main plexus for coordinated contraction of the gastrointestinal smooth muscle? Final 2014

  1. Submucous
  2. Myenteric
  3. Celiac
A
  1. Myenteric
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

A gastrointestinal smooth muscle showed 12 slow waves per minute. Which part of GIT does this muscle represent? 2014

  1. Small intestine
  2. Colon
  3. Stomach
A
  1. Small Intestines
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of smooth muscles in the gastrointestinal tract? 2013

  1. Depolarize by stretch
  2. Hyperpolarize by Ach
  3. Depolarize by norepinephrine
A
  1. Depolarize by stretch
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of smooth muscles in the gastrointestinal tract? 2013

A

Changing membrane potential

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

What is the correct sequence of contraction of smooth muscles? 2013

A

Ca-Calmodulin → MLCK → myosin-p → cross-bridges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Which of the following is present in the muscularis externa? 2011

A

Auerbach plexus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Decreased stomach Ph stimulates the secretion of which of the following? 2017, 2015

  1. Gastrin
  2. Secretin
  3. Somatostatin
  4. Histamine
A
  1. Somatostatin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Parietal cells secrete H+ ions in exchange of what? Final 2015

A

K+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

After eating, the stomach pH increases even though acid secretion increases. What is the reason behind this? 2015

A

Buffering effect of food

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Which of the following hormones acts as a paracrine to increase the gastric secretion? 2014, 2010

  1. Gastrin
  2. Histamine
  3. CCK
  4. Secretin
A
  1. Histamine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

A hormone that inhibits both G cells and parietal cells? 2014

A

Somatostatin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

After a meal, the active acid secretion by the parietal cells in the stomach results in changing the composition of blood leaving the stomach. What does that blood contain? 2014, 2011

  1. High levels of bicarbonate
  2. High levels of Potassium
  3. High levels of Chloride
  4. Low levels of Sodium
A
  1. High levels of bicarbonate
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

What enzyme is degraded in the alkaline medium? Final 2013, 2009

  1. Trypsin
  2. Chymase
  3. Pepsin
  4. Pancreatic lipase
A
  1. Trypsin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

What stimulates secretion of secretin? 2013, 2008

A

Low duodenal pH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

What describes the postprandial effect? Final 2012

A

Alkaline blood leaving the stomach after increased acid secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

Which substance has receptors on oxyntic cells and inhibits their activity? 2012

A

Somatostatin

50
Q

A patient who underwent vagotomy goes out with his friends to eat in a restaurant. In which phase will gastrin secretion be inhibited? 2012

  1. When he thinks about the food
  2. When the bolus of food reaches his stomach
A
  1. When he thinks about the food
51
Q

What causes decreased secretion from gastric glands? 2012

A

Acidic pH in the antrum

52
Q

What is secreted by enterochromaffin like cells? 2012, Final 2009

A

Histamine

53
Q

What has maximum activity at pH 3? 2012

A

Pepsin

54
Q

What is the main secretion of the glands in the body of the stomach? 2011

  1. Intrinsic factor
  2. Pepsin
  3. Mucus
  4. Gastrin
A
  1. Intrinsic factor

This is a trick question; the glands in the body produce pepsinogen not pepsin so intrinsic factor would be the correct answer

55
Q

After meals, the patient’s serum is alkaline (↑ HCO3). Why? Final 2010

A

Postprandial alkalosis

56
Q

What will cause inhibition of acid secretion? 2010, 2009

A

Low pH in antrum

57
Q

Which paracrine hormone is produced from the ECM? 2008

  1. Pepsinogen
  2. Gastrin
  3. Somatostatin
  4. Histamine
A
  1. Histamine
58
Q

What is the mechanism by which bile acid is secreted to bile canaliculi? 2017, 2016, 2015, 2014, 2013, 2011, 2010, 2008

  1. Primary active transport
  2. Secondary active transport
  3. Tertiary active transport
  4. Facilitated diffusion
A
  1. Primary active transport
59
Q

What increases blood flow in the hepatic artery? 2016, 2014

  1. Low CO2 in portal vein
  2. Low O2 in portal vein
  3. High pH in portal vein
  4. Increased blood flow of portal vein
A
  1. Low O2 in portal vein
60
Q

A patient with liver disease develops peripheral edema. What is the underlying mechanism? 2016, Final 2013, 2012, 2011

  1. Decreased plasma colloid osmotic pressure
  2. Increased plasma colloid osmotic pressure
  3. Decreased tissue colloid osmotic pressure
  4. Increased tissue colloid osmotic pressure
A
  1. Decreased plasma colloid osmotic pressure
61
Q

What is actively removed from the gallbladder to concentrate its contents? Final 2015

A

Na

62
Q

What increases blood flow in the hepatic artery? 2015

  1. Low CO2
  2. Increased O2
  3. Increased postprandial Hyperosmolarity
A
  1. Increased postprandial Hyperosmolarity
63
Q

What happens during hepatic blood flow regulation in hepatic arterial buffer response HABR, when portal blood flow increases? Final 2014

  1. Hepatic blood flow remains constant
  2. Buffers vasoconstrict to reduce blood flow
  3. Hepatic arterial blood flow increase
  4. Autoregulation reduces portal blood flow
A
  1. Buffers vasoconstrict to reduce blood flow
64
Q

Which ion binds with unconjugated bilirubin and forms stones? 2010

A

Ca+

65
Q

What causes relaxation of the sphincter of oddi? Final 2009

A

VIP

66
Q

What is excluded out of the gallbladder? Final 2009

A

NaCl

67
Q

Uptake of xenobiotics to the liver is done by? 2009

A

OATP

68
Q

Contraction of what will cause filling of gallbladder? 2009

A

Common Bile duct

69
Q

The presence of which structure necessitates active transport of electrolytes? 2008

  1. Tight junction
  2. Gap junction
A
  1. Tight junction
70
Q

What prevents bile from leaking? 2008

A

Tight Junctions

71
Q

Which of the following enzymes is responsible for converting trypsinogen to trypsin? Final 2017, 2017

  1. Enterokinase
  2. Carboxypeptidase
  3. Chymotrypsin
  4. Trypsin inhibitor
A
  1. Enterokinase
72
Q

What occurs when exocrine secretion of the Pancreas increases? 2017

  1. The secretion becomes hypertonic with more HCO3 than in plasma
  2. The secretion becomes hypertonic with less HCO3 than in plasma
  3. The secretion becomes isotonic with more Cl than in plasma
  4. The secretion becomes isotonic with less Cl than in plasma
A
  1. The secretion becomes hypertonic with more HCO3 than in plasma
73
Q

Pancreatic enzymes are first secreted as proenzymes to prevent destruction of the pancreatic tissue; they then get activated in the small intestine. What is the first step of pancreatic enzyme activation? 2016, Final 2015, 2014, Final 2012, 2011

  1. Activation of trypsin by the brush border enterokinase in the small intestine
  2. Activation of enterokinase by trypsin
A
  1. Activation of trypsin by the brush border enterokinase in the small intestine
74
Q

What is the mechanism by which the ions above are regulated in pancreatic secretions? 2016, 2015

A

An exchanger transporter

75
Q

The pancreatic fluid is released into the small intestine during which phase of digestion? 2016, 2013

  1. Basal
  2. Intestinal
  3. Gastric
  4. Cephalic
A

Intestinal

76
Q

After truncal vagotomy, how does the stomach continue to secrete gastrin? 2015

A

Distention of the stomach activates the enteric nervous system

77
Q

What is secreted in response to low acidity in duodenum? 2015, Final 2009, 2009, 2008

  1. Secretin
  2. CCK
A
  1. Secretin
78
Q

This is a graph of ion concentrations in pancreatic secretion at different rates of secretion. Which of the following is correct? Final 2014

A

High HCO3- concentration secreted by Cl-HCO3- exchanger at higher rates of secretion

79
Q

Which of the following stimulates exocrine fluid secretion of pancreas? 2014

  1. Secretin
  2. CCK
A
  1. Secretin
80
Q

Amylase is inactive at a very low pH; however, most of the starch digestion by amylase takes place in the stomach. What would provide a proper explanation for that? 2013, Final 2011, Final 2009

A

Salivary amylase in the core of the food, so pH will take longer time to inactivate that

81
Q

What is the correct sequence of activation of pancreatic enzymes? 2013

A

Trypsinogen→ trypsin → activate the inactive enzymes

82
Q

What is secreted from pancreatic duct cells? 2013

  1. Cl and K
  2. HCO3-and Cl-
A
  1. HCO3-and Cl-
83
Q

What activates all pancreatic enzymes? 2012, 2009, 2008

  1. Trypsin
  2. Carboxypeptidase
  3. Chymotrypsin
A
  1. Trypsin
84
Q

In the intestinal phase of pancreatic secretion, the ducts secrete large amounts of fluid, but the secretion to the intestine contains enzymes. Why? 2010, 2008

A

The fluid pushes the enzymes that are already there

85
Q

What accurately describes migrating myoelectric complex MMC? Final 2017

  1. It happens during digestive period
  2. It stops after vagotomy
  3. Its is generated by sympathetic nervous system
  4. It needs an intact enteric nervous system
A
  1. It needs an intact enteric nervous system
86
Q

What hormone generates MMC ( migrating myoelectric complex )? 2017

  1. Motilin
  2. Gastrin
  3. Secretin
  4. CCK
A
  1. Motilin
87
Q

An instrument was inserted into the intestine of a dog to measure the electrical activity of the GI tract. Intense bursts of electrical activity were recorded, which took place every 90 minutes while fasting. What do these waves represent? 2017, 2016, 2011, Final 2010, 2009, 2008

A

MMC

88
Q

What is a characteristic of peristalsis in the small intestine? 2016

  1. it involves the contraction of the inner circular layer and relaxation of outer longitudinal layer in front of the food bolus
  2. it involves the contraction of the inner circular layer and relaxation of outer longitudinal layer behind the food bolus
  3. mixes the food bolus
  4. it is innervated by the central nervous system (CNS)
A
  1. it involves the contraction of the inner circular layer and relaxation of outer longitudinal layer behind the food bolus
89
Q

What needs further processing before being absorbed by the intestinal epithelium? 2016

  1. Sucrose
  2. Glucose
  3. Galactose
  4. Tri and di peptides
A
  1. Sucrose
90
Q

What happens to the intestinal motility when autonomic innervation is cut? Final 2014, Final 2013, Final 2011, Final 2009

  1. Reverse peristalsis
  2. Motility Stops
  3. Motility is unaffected
  4. Relaxation of all smooth muscles
A
  1. Motility is unaffected
91
Q

What is the main mixing movement in the small intestine? 2014

A

Segmentation

92
Q

What is migrating myoelectric complex (MMC)? Final 2013

A

Bursts of intense electrical contractions

93
Q

Which enzyme needs emulsification to optimize its function? Final 2013

  1. Trypsin
  2. Chymase
  3. Pepsin
  4. Pancreatic lipase
A
  1. Pancreatic lipase
94
Q

By which mechanism in the intestinal lumen is the glucose absorbed across the brush border? 2017, Final 2012, 2012, 2010

  1. Facilitated diffusion
  2. Primary active transport
  3. Secondary active transport
  4. Endocytosis
  5. Exchange with hydrogen
A
  1. Secondary active transport
95
Q

An increase in the level of which solute at the microenvironment of the enterocyte surface causes micelles to release digested fat products? 2016, 2015, 2012, 2011

  1. H+ ions
  2. K+ ions
  3. Cl- ions
A
  1. H+ ions
96
Q

What is the process of transport of di and tri peptides along the enterocyte? 2016, Final 2015, 2011, 2010, 2009

  1. primary active transport.
  2. secondary active transport
  3. Tertiary active transport (co-transport with H+)
A
  1. Tertiary active transport (co-transport with H+)
97
Q

When a patient was administered 100g of oral glucose, his blood glucose went up by 20%. However, when he was orally administered 200g of lactose, his blood glucose did not change. What does that suggest? 2016, 2015, 2014, 2013, 2012, Final 2011, 2010, 2008

  1. the liver doesn’t utilize lactose
  2. lactose does not change the serum glucose level
  3. lack of the enzyme lactase in the enterocyte brush border
A
  1. lack of the enzyme lactase in the enterocyte brush border
98
Q

What are glucose and galactose coupled to, to be absorbed? Final 2015, 2010

  1. Na
  2. K
A
  1. Na
99
Q

What is the process of transport of di and tri peptidases along the enterocyte? Final 2014

  1. Primary active transport
  2. Cotransport with Na+
  3. Cotransport with H+
A
  1. Cotransport with H+
100
Q

Choose the correct combination of ions with the digestion products that are cotransported with them in the intestine. 2013

A

Na+ with glucose; H+ with peptides

101
Q

What induces the mixed micelle to release its contents at the absorbing epithelium? 2013

A

High H+ concentration near the mucosa

102
Q

What is the source of free fatty acids in a well-fed person? 2012

A

Chylomicrons

103
Q

Absorption of glucose and amino acids are dependent on the gradient of which ion? 2011

A

Sodium

104
Q

After removal of intestinal lymph nodes during surgery. Absorption of what will be affected? 2010

  1. Water
  2. Proteins
  3. Carbohydrates
  4. Lipids
A
  1. Lipids
105
Q

Which of the following is a brush border enzyme? 2008

A

Lactase

106
Q

Which of the following segments has the lowest motility? Final 2017, Final 2010, 2008

  1. Transverse colon
  2. Upper rectum
  3. Lower rectum
  4. Descending colon
A
  1. Lower rectum
107
Q

What happens if there’s a distention of the cecum? 2016, Final 2015, Final 2014

  1. Stimulation of peristalsis in ileum
  2. Closure of ileocecal valve
  3. Reverse peristalsis in colon
A
  1. Closure of ileocecal valve
108
Q

Structural and functional unit of the colon because of its inner circular muscle thickenings? Final 2015

A

Haustrations

109
Q

What is the dominant mixing movement in colon? Final 2015, Final 2014, 2011

  1. Haustrations
  2. Segmentations
A
  1. Haustrations
110
Q

What increases the gastrointestinal transit time? Final 2015

  1. Haustrations
  2. Segmentation
  3. Propulsion
  4. Reverse peristalsis
A
  1. Reverse peristalsis
111
Q

The segmental contractions (haustrations) in the descending colon are more intense than those in the ascending colon, while the sigmoid colon showed the weakest segmental contractions of these. What is the reason? 2012, 2011, 2010, Final 2009, 2008

A

Increased transit time between the ascending and descending colon

112
Q

What ion is maintained at 25 mM in colon by transporters? 2010

A

K+

113
Q

A healthy person made a BaSO4 GI motility test and showed reverse peristalsis in one section, which part of the GI is this? 2017, 2016, Final 2015, 2011, 2010, Final 2009, 2008

  1. Colon
  2. Stomach
  3. Esophagus
  4. Small intestine
A
  1. Colon
114
Q

What part of the gastrointestinal tract has the lowest intensity of segmental contractions in normal colonic and rectal motility? 2016, 2009

  1. Transverse colon
  2. Descending colon
  3. Upper rectum
  4. Lower rectum
A
  1. Lower rectum
115
Q

Distension of the rectum by the fecal matter induces contraction of the rectum. This is followed by relaxation of the internal anal sphincter. If defecation is desired, the rectum will relax. What reflex is responsible for that? 2016

  1. Clonorectal
  2. Anorectal
  3. Rectorectal
  4. Rectosphinctric
A
  1. Anorectal
116
Q

Distension of the rectum by the fecal matter induces contraction of the rectum. This is followed by relaxation of the internal anal sphincter and contraction of the external anal sphincter. Which of the following happens next to maintain continence? 2015, Final 2013

  1. Contraction of the rectum
  2. Relaxation of the rectum
A
  1. Relaxation of the rectum
117
Q

After passive and active increase in pressure inside the rectum, the internal anal sphincter relaxes. What happens next if one doesn’t want to defecate and the external anal sphincter remained contracted? 2014

A

Relaxation of rectum

118
Q

Which part of the GI tract has a functional sphincter preventing fecal matter from passing from the colon? 2014

A

Rectum

119
Q

As fecal material is being emptied into the rectum, passive pressure of the rectum will increase up to a threshold then the recto-rectal reflex will start. What will happen next? 2013

  1. Contraction of rectum
  2. Relaxation of rectum
  3. Contraction of internal anal sphincter
  4. Relaxation of external anal sphincter
A
  1. Contraction of rectum
120
Q

Which part of the gastrointestinal tract is characterized by the presence of a weak functional sphincter and sharp angulation? Final 2012, Final 2011

A

Rectum

121
Q

Inhibition of which of the following causes contraction of external anal sphincter? 2009

A

Auerbach’s plexus

122
Q

What would occur if the external rectal sphincter relaxes? 2008

  1. Contraction of rectum
  2. Rectocolonic reflex
  3. Further relaxation of internal anal sphincter
A

-

GIT Module (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions