Pharmacology Qs Flashcards
What drug causes black tongue & stool? Final 2017, 2013, 2010, 2009, 2008
Bismuth subsalicylate
Why is concurrent administration of antacids and some other drugs not recommended? 2017
- Antacids can alter the absorption of other drugs
- Antacids can increase bicarbonate secretion
- Antacids can inhibit CYP 450 enzymes
- The combination can lead to increase in gastric acid secretion
- Antacids can alter the absorption of other drugs
Which of the following drugs can treat acid reflux and may cause galactorrhea and gynecomastia? 2017, 2016, 2015, 2014
- Dicyclomine
- Misoprostol
- Cimetidine
- Omeprazole
- Cimetidine
Which of the following is a H/K ATPase blocker on the apical surface of parietal cells? 2016, 2015, 2014, 2013, 2012, 2011, 2009
- Dicyclomine
- Misoprostol
- Cimetidine
- Omeprazole
- Omeprazole
A patient with duodenal ulcer presented with hematemesis, electrocautery was done to treat the ulcer. What will you administer at this stage? 2016
- Omeprazole
- Ranitidine
- Somatostatin
- Sucralfate
- Omeprazole
Which drug is used for peptic ulcers caused by NSAIDs? 2016, 2015, 2014, 2012
- Misoprostol
- Bismuth subsalicylate
- Misoprostol
Which of the following is contraindicated in pregnancy? 2016, Final 2014, 2010, 2009
- Promethazine
- Misoprostol
- Misoprostol
What is the rationale behind Quadruple therapy of peptic ulcer? Final 2015, Final 2014
- Reduce the cost
- Decrease fatal adverse effects
- Decrease emergence of resistance species
- Decrease drug-drug interactions
- Decrease emergence of resistance species
How does famotidine reduce the effect of sucralfate? 2015, 2014
- Inhibition of proton pump
- Inhibition of prostaglandin
- Induces CYP450
- Reduces the acidity of stomach
- Reduces the acidity of stomach
What is a drug that is considered cytoprotective for the gastric mucosa and is part of the treatment of H. Pylori? Final 2014, 2014, 2013, 2008
- Misoprostol
- Bismuth subsalicylate
- Dicyclomine
- Sucralfate
- Omeprazole
- Bismuth subsalicylate
What is the mechanism of action of dicyclomine? 2012
Muscarinic antagonist
A patient with epilepsy using phenytoin and he had peptic ulcer. Which drug should be avoided? 2012
- Omeprazole
- Famotidine
- Magnesium
- Misoprostol
- Omeprazole
How does ranitidine reduce the efficacy of sucralfate? Final 2011, 2010
It reduces the acidity of the stomach
What is the goal of triple therapy in treating peptic ulcer disease? 2011
To eliminate or reduce the occurrence of drug resistance
What cytoprotective drug is used for the treatment of h.pylori? 2010
- Bismuth chelate
- Sucralfate
-
How do antacids affect sucralfate efficacy? 2009
By altering pH in stomach
Why is a renal transplant patient on cyclosporine advised not to drink grapefruit juice? 2017, 2014, 2013, 2012
- It inhibits cyclosporine metabolism
- The dose of cyclosporine needs to be increased
- Increases the risk of organ rejection
- It inhibits cyclosporine metabolism
In terms of biotransformation, a phase II reaction described as: 2017, 2013
- Conjugation reaction
- Anaerobic reaction
- Hydrolysis reaction
- Oxidative phosphorylation
- Conjugation reaction
Which drug interacts with cyclosporine and enhances its metabolism resulting in organ rejection? Final 2015, 2011
Rifampicin
What is the mechanism of cimetidine? Final 2015, 2011, Final 2009
Inhibit CYP450 metabolism of other drugs
Which drug increases the synthesis of CYP450 enzymes? 2011
Rifampicin
A patient taking OCP, what do you advise her not to take with it? 2010
St. John’s worts
If diazepam and cimetidine are given together, what must be done? 2009, 2008
Reduce diazepam dose
What is the major oxidant in the liver? 2008
Cytochrome P450
What is a prodrug? 2008
converted to active metabolite
What drug is an H1 antagonist that treats motion sickness Final 2017, 2013, Final 2010, 2009
- Cyclizine
- Hyoscine (scopolamine)
- Cyclizine
Which of the following drugs is a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist? 2017, 2015, 2013, Final 2011, 2009
- Ondansetron
- Metoclopramide
- Hyoscine
- Cyclizine
- Ondansetron
What is the mechanism of action of lactulose? 2017, Final 2011, Final 2009
- Forms a bulky hydrated mass in the gut
- Retains fluid in the bowel lumen by osmosis
- Retains fluid in the bowel lumen by osmosis
What is a dopamine receptor antagonist? 2015, 2014, Final 2009
Metoclopramide
What is the mechanism of action of scopolamine? Final 2014
Antagonism of muscarinic receptors
Which of the following drugs decreases the motility of GIT? 2014
Codeine
Which of the following drugs is a stimulant purgative? 2014
Senna
Bisacodyl
How does senna exert its laxative effects? 2013, 2011, 2009
Stimulates the colonic activity and increases peristalsis
Which drug is used to treat postoperative nausea and vomiting by inhibiting the 5HT3 receptor? Final 2012
Ondansetron
What is antagonist for muscarinic receptors used for motion sickness? 2012, Final 2009
Hyoscine
Which laxative increases peristalsis by stimulating the enteric nerves? 2012
Senna
Which drug is a D2 receptor antagonist with central and GI effect? 2012
Metoclopramide
What is the mechanism of action of senna? 2010
Stimulates contraction of the colon
Which drug is a serotonin antagonist used with chemotherapy? Final 2010
Ondansetron
What shows more toxicity in children than adults? Final 2017
- Acetaminophen
- Isoniazid
- Halothane
- Salicylate
- Salicylate
What is the mechanism of halothane drug induced hepatotoxicity? 2017
- Idiosyncratic toxicity
- Intrinsic toxicity
- Idiosyncratic toxicity
Which drug can result in hepatotoxicity in both fast and slow acetylators? 2016, 2011, 2009
- Acetaminophen
- Isoniazid
- Isoniazid
Hepatotoxicity to which drug can be treated with N-acetylcysteine? 2016, Final 2013, Final 2011
- Acetaminophen
- Rifampicin
- Halothane
- Isoniazid
- Acetaminophen
Which drug can cause hepatotoxicity due to immunological reaction? 2016
- Acetaminophen
- Halothane
- Halothane
Pruritus and jaundice are common features of the cholestatic effect of which drug?
(hepatocanalicular injury)? Final 2013, 2011
- Valproic acid
- Tetracycline
- Acetaminophen
- Methotrexate
- Chlorpromazine
- Chlorpromazine
Toxic doses of which drug causes a centrilobular pattern of necrosis in the liver? Final 2013, 2011
- Valproic acid
- Tetracycline
- Acetaminophen
- Methotrexate
- Chlorpromazine
- Acetaminophen
What is the most likely cause of acetaminophen hepatotoxicity? 2013
Accumulation of electrophilic metabolites
Which drug can cause hepatotoxicity in children less than 3 years old? Final 2011
Valproic acid
Which of the following conditions is associated with liver steatosis without inflammation or fibrosis? 2011
Methotrexate hepatotoxicity
Which drug causes hepatotoxicity due to genetic variation on acetyltransferase? 2010
Isoniazid
A 70 year old patient on isoniazid treatment, presented with elevated liver enzymes. What most likely would be the cause? 2010
accumulation of active metabolites in liver
Which drug causes microvesicular steatosis? 2010
- amiodarone
- steroids
- methotrexate
- Valproic acid
- Valproic acid
How does Acetaminophen cause hepatocellular necrosis? 2010, 2009
Depletion of glutathione
