Physiology of Plant Cells

Question 1

• Branch of study in botany dealing with the physiological processes or functions of plants
• Descriptive study of variation and structure of plants at the molecular and cellular level

Answer 1

Plant Physiology

Question 2

Refers to the net movement of particles (atoms, molecules, or ions) from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration as a result of random motion

Answer 2

Diffusion

Question 3

Type of diffusion where the movement of molecules across a semi-permeable membrane occurs without the help of protein channels, thus, does not require energy

Answer 3

Passive Diffusion

Question 4

Type of diffusion where the flow of molecules down a concentration gradient across a membrane occur through special passageways or membrane proteins called carrier proteins

Answer 4

Facilitated Diffusion

Question 5

Type of transport where movement of ions and other atomic or molecular substances across cell membranes occur without the need of energy input

Answer 5

Passive Transport

Question 6

Example of Passive Transport

Answer 6

Gas Exchange of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide

Question 7

Type of transport that Requires the expenditure of the cell’s energy to move specific substances against their concentration gradients

Answer 7

Active Transport

Question 8

Example of Active Transport

Answer 8

• Calcium moves between cells with the use of ATP energy
• Minerals pass via a stem on their way to different areas of the plants
• Root pressure transports water from the plant roots to other plant cells

Question 9

Refers to the diffusion of water through a semi-permeable membrane

Answer 9

Osmosis

Question 10

Relationship between the concentration of water to the concentration of solution

Answer 10

Inversely Proportional

Question 11

Vacuole has shrunk, cytoplasm has come away from cell wall due to loss of water (Osmosis Solution)

Answer 11

Hypertonic

Question 12

No changes in the cell due to equal concentrations of water (Osmosis Solution)

Answer 12

Isotonic

Question 13

Vacuole has become swollen and pushes the cell membrane against the cell wall (Osmosis Solution)

Answer 13

Hypotonic

Question 14

The chemical process that transforms light energy into chemical energy by green plants and other producer organisms

Answer 14

Photosynthesis

Question 15

Formula for Photosynthesis

Answer 15

6CO2 + 6 H2O —> C6H12O6 + 6O2

Question 16

Thylakoid generates energy as ATP and NADPH, which power the carbon fixation reactions in the stroma

Answer 16

Light-Dependent Reaction

Question 17

Utilizes carbon dioxide and fixed into three-carbon molecules and subsequently synthesized into glucose

Answer 17

Carbon Fixation Reaction

Question 18

Metabolic process that breaks down glucose to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in a compartment called mitochondrion

Answer 18

Cellular Respiration

Question 19

Formula for Cellular Respiration

Answer 19

C6H12O6 + 6O2 —> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP