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Physiology Exam II > Physiology of Blood > Flashcards

Physiology of Blood Flashcards

1
Q

What is the highest composition of total plasma

A

water

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2
Q

What is the highest composition of plasma proteins

A

albumin

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3
Q

What is the 2nd highest composition of plasma proteins

A

globulins

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4
Q

Function of albumin

A

maintain oncotic pressure of blood

transport free fatty acids

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5
Q

Function of haptoglobin

A

binds free hemoglobin

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6
Q

Function of transferrin

A

binds Fe++ and carries it to tissues

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7
Q

How do you calculate plasma osmolatity

A

(2Na+) + (BUN/2.8) + (glucose/18)

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8
Q

oncotic pressure

A

generated by plasma proteins, force that allows reaborption of fluid at the venous ends of the capillaries

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9
Q

hydrostatic pressure

A

capillary pressure, drives fluid out of capillaries into tissues

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10
Q

What can increase oncotic pressure

A

hyperalbunemia

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11
Q

What can decrease oncotic pressure

A

hypoalunbemia

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12
Q

Hematopoiesis

A

formation of blood cells

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13
Q

TRP

A

secreted by liver, stimulated megakaryocyte-progenitor cells to differentiate into megakaryocyte precursors

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14
Q

EPO

A

myeloid progenitor generates erythroid progenitor, which begin to express EPO receptors makes EPO necessary for cells to preogress to erthroblast stage

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15
Q

Charactersitics of erythrocytes

A

do not have organelles, carbonic anhydrase is present,

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16
Q

Hematocrit

A

precent of total volume of RBCs per total blood volume

17
Q

MCV

A

average volume of RBCs

18
Q

MCHC

A

measure of conc of hemoglobin in a given volume of RBCs

19
Q

RDW

A

measure of variation of RBC volume

20
Q

erythropoiesis

A

process by which new RBCs are formed

21
Q

How does erythropoiesis take place

A

EPO produced

HIF-1aphla synthesized, increases EPO production

22
Q

Why may the number of reticulocytes be incrased

A

recent increase in erythropoiesis

23
Q

Why may the number of reticulocytes be decreased?

A

diminishing erythropoiesis

24
Q

How is heme iron degraded

A

taken to the liver so iron can be used elsewhere in body

25
Q

How is porphyrin ring degradedd

A

converted into bilirubin, which is conjugated into glucuronic acid

26
Q

How do platelets regulate hemostatis

A

they have glycolipids on their surface, when these are exposed they form a platelet plug to prevent blood loss and secrete factors for blood clotting

27
Q

Steps of thrombopoiesis

A

TPO stimulated megakaryocyte progenitors to become megakaryocyte precursors, endergo endomitosis, become large multinucleated cells. Cytoplasmic budding produces platlets from megakaryocytes

28
Q

5 types of WBCs from least to most abundant

A 
basophils
eosinophils
monocytes
lymphocytes
neutrophils

Physiology Exam II (10 decks)

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