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Physiology Exam II > EKG > Flashcards

EKG Flashcards

1
Q

What do the small verticle lines represent

A

0.04 sec

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2
Q

What do the bold verticle lines represent

A

0.2 seconds

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3
Q

Isoelectric line

A

when positive and negative deflections are equal/cancel each other out

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4
Q

P wave

A

atrial myocyte depolarization, positive deflection, SA node depolarization NOT visual (hidden by QRS)

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5
Q

PR segement

A

plateau phase of atrical myocytes through AV node activity, NOT visual

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6
Q

PR intervel

A

time between start of P wave and start of QRS complex

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7
Q

What is a normal PR intervel

A

0.12 to .2 seconds (4-5 small boxes)

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8
Q

QRS complex

A

ventricular mycocyte depolarzation

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9
Q

What is a normal QRS complex

A

0.03 - 0.12 seconds (<1-3 small boxes)

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10
Q

ST segment

A

plateau phase of ventricular myocytes

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11
Q

T wave

A

ventricular repolarization (positive deflection)

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12
Q

U wave

A

second wave, following T wave, represents hypokalemia/drug activity

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13
Q

What does the atrial phase 0 correspond to

A

P wave

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14
Q

What does the ventricular phase 0 correspond to

A

WRS complex

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15
Q

What does ventricular phase 3 correspond to

A

T wave

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16
Q

Lead I

A 
right arm (-)
left arm (+)
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17
Q

Lead II

A 
right arm (-)
left leg (+)
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18
Q

Lead III

A 
left arm (-)
left leg (+)
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19
Q

aVR

A

right arm (+)
III (-)
measures bisection of I and II

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20
Q

aVL

A

left arm (+)
II (-)
measure bisection of I and III

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21
Q

aVF

A

left leg (+)
I (-)
measure perpendricular to I

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22
Q

V1

A

right, 4th intercostal

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23
Q

V2

A

left 4th intercostal

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24
Q

V4

A

left, 5th intercostal

25
Q

V3

A

betwee V2 and V4

26
Q

V5

A

in line with V4 and anterior axillary line

27
Q

V6

A

in line with V4 and V5, in midaxillary line

28
Q

I, II, III and aVRF will have ____ P waves and QRS complexes in NSR

A

positive

29
Q

aVR will have ____ P waves and QRS complexes in NSR

A

negative

30
Q

aVL will have ____ P waves and ___ QRS complexes in NSR

A

positive

isolectical

31
Q

bradychardia

A

<60bpm

32
Q

tachycardia

A

> 100 bpm

33
Q

degrees of the leads

A 
I = 0
II = 60
aVF = 90
III = 120
aVR = 210
aVL = -30
34
Q

Noraml axis

A

Lead I and aVF both have postive QRS complexes, 0-90 degrees

35
Q

Right axis deviation

A

Lead I has negative and aVF has postive QRS complex, 90 -180 degrees

36
Q

What does right axis deviation mean

A

right hypertrophy, RBBB, tall, end of deep inspiration

37
Q

What does left axis deviation mean

A

left hypertrophy, end of deep expiration, LBBB, obesity

38
Q

Left axis deviation

A

Lead I has postive and aVF has negative QRS complex, -90 -0 degrees

39
Q

What does it mean if PR interval is longer than normal

A

any block in AV conduction, atrial hypertrophy

40
Q

What does it mean if PR intervial is shorter than normal

A

secondary pacemaker activity

41
Q

What does it mean if you have a few very large and wide QRS complexes appearing in a lead with mostly normal QRS complexes

A

PVCs

42
Q

What does it mean if you have very large and wide QRS complexes

A

RBBB, LBBB, hyperkalemia, - ventricle is producing its own beat

43
Q

What happens to the HR if you increase sympathetic tone

A

elevate

44
Q

What happens to HR if you increase activation of beta-one receptors on SA node

A

elevate

45
Q

What happens to HR if you decrease sympathetic tone

A

depress

46
Q

What happens to HR if you decrease activation of beta one receptors on SA node

A

depress

47
Q

What happens to HR if you increase vagal tone

A

depress

48
Q

What happens to HR if you increase activation of muscarinic receptors on the SA node

A

depress

49
Q

What happens to HR if you decrease vagal tone

A

elevate

50
Q

What happens to HR if you decrease activation of muscarinic receptors on SA node

A

elevate

51
Q

Affect on conduction velocity through the AV node with increased sympathetic tone

A

increase

52
Q

Affect on conduction velocity through the AV node with increased activatino of beta-one receptors on the AV node

A

increase

53
Q

Affect on conduction velocity through the AV node with decreased sympathetic tone

A

decrease

54
Q

Affect on conduction velocity through the AV node with decreased activation of beta one receptors on the AV node

A

decrease

55
Q

Affect on conduction velocity through the AV node with increased vagal tone

A

decrease

56
Q

Affect on conduction velocity through the AV node with increased activation of muscarinic receptors on the AV node

A

decrease

57
Q

Affect on conduction velocity through the AV node with decreased vagal tone

A

increase

58
Q

Affect on conduction velocity through the AV node with decreased activation of muscarinic receptors on the AV node

A

increase

Physiology Exam II (10 decks)

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