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Physiology Exam II > Cardiac Cycle > Flashcards

Cardiac Cycle Flashcards

(48 cards)

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1
Q

What are the 7 periods of the cardiac cycle?

A 
atrial systole
isovolumic contraction
rapid ejection
reduced ejection
isovolumic relaxation
rapid filling
reduced filling
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2
Q

What is going on with the atria/ventricles in isovolumic contraction

A

ventricular contraction

atrial relaxation

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3
Q

What is going on with the atria/ventricles in rapid ejection

A

ventricular contraction, atrial relaxation

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4
Q

What is going on with the atria/ventricles in reduced ejection

A

ventricular contraction

atrial relaxation

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5
Q

What is going on with the atria/ventricles in isovolumic relaxation

A

ventricular relaxation, atrial relaxation

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6
Q

What is going on with the atria/ventricles in rapid filling

A

ventricular relaxation

atrial relaxation

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7
Q

What is going on with the atria/ventricles in reduced filling

A

ventricular relaxation, atrial relaxation

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8
Q

What is going on with the atria/ventricles in atrial systole

A

ventricular relaxation, atrial contraction

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9
Q

What is going on with values in isovolumric contraction

A

AV closed

P/A closed

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10
Q

What is going on with values in rapid ejection

A

AV closed

P/A open

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11
Q

What is going on with values in reduced ejection

A

AV closed

P/A opened

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12
Q

What is going on with values in isovolumic relaxation

A

AV open

P/A closed

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13
Q

What is going on with values in rapid filling

A

AV open

P/A closed

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14
Q

What is going on with values in reduced filling

A

AV open

P/A closed

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15
Q

What is going on with values in atrial systole

A

AV open

P/A closed

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16
Q

What is responsible for A waves

A

atrial contraction

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17
Q

What is responsible for C waves

A

ventricular contraction beginning

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18
Q

What is responsible for V waves

A

ventricular contrraction continues, atria fill with blood

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19
Q

What is happening in P wave

A

contraction of atria

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20
Q

What is happening PR segment

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A

plataue phase for atrial myocytes

21
Q

What is happening in QRS complex

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A

isovolumic ocntraction

22
Q

What is happening in ST segment

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A

rapid ejection and half of reduced ejection

23
Q

What is happening in T wave

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A

last half of reduced ejection

24
Q

Describe the pressure changes that could be recorded inside of the L ventricle and inside the aorta during isovolumic contraction

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A

LV - pressure is rising

aorta - pressure is falling

25
Describe the pressure changes that could be recorded inside of the L ventricle and inside the aorta during rapid ejection
LV - pressure is rising | aorta - pressure is rising
26
Describe the pressure changes that could be recorded inside of the L ventricle and inside the aorta during reduced ejection
LV - pressure if falling | aorta - pressure is falling
27
Describe the pressure changes that could be recorded inside of the L ventricle and inside the aorta during isovolumic relaxation
LV - pressure is falling | aorta - pressure falls, but with uptick
28
Describe the pressure changes that could be recorded inside of the L ventricle and inside the aorta during rapid filling
LV - pressure is falling | aorta - pressure is falling
29
Describe the pressure changes that could be recorded inside of the L ventricle and inside the aorta during reduced filling
LV - pressure is rising | aorta - pressure is falling
30
Describe the pressure changes that could be recorded inside of the L ventricle and inside the aorta during atrial systole
LV -pressure is rising | aorta - pressure is falling
31
Describe the volume changes that occur in the left ventricle during isovolumic contraction
max volume and unchanging
32
Describe the volume changes that occur in the left ventricle during rapid ejection
volume drops dramatically
33
Describe the volume changes that occur in the left ventricle during reduced ejection
volume drops dramatically
34
Describe the volume changes that occur in the left ventricle during reduced ejection
volume drops slightly
35
Describe the volume changes that occur in the left ventricle during isovolumic relaxation
volume is low and unchanging
36
Describe the volume changes that occur in the left ventricle during rapid filling
volume increases significantly
37
Describe the volume changes that occur in the left ventricle during reduced filling
volume increases slightly
38
Describe the volume changes that occur in the left ventricle during atrial systole
volume is kicked up about 15% more
39
How are HR and SV related?
inversely, HR goes up, SV goes down
40
How does a drug that slows conduction through the AV node reduce ventricular reponse rape and increase cardiac output during atrial fibrillation
slowing the conduction through the AV node dampens ventricular myocyte depolarization, which reduces response, lowers HR, increases SV
41
What's going on durin gS1
beginning of isovolumic contraction (AV valves close)
42
What's going on during S2
beginning of isovolumic relaxation (semilunar valves close)
43
What's going on in S3
at the end of rapid filling, when ventricular mycocytes reach maximum passive stretch length and the chordae tendinae/ AV ring get pulled taut
44
What's going on in S4
at the end of atrial systole due to increase in ventricular pressure, is lower with stiffer ventricle always pathological
45
What is a diastolic murmur
after S2 and before S1 - mitral valve stenosis
46
What is a systolic murmur
after S1 and before S2, mitral regurgitation
47
What happens during splitting of second heart sound
aortic valve closed BEFORE the pulmonic valve, occurs with inspiration.
48
Why does left bundle brane block and severe hypertension result in paradoxical splitting of S2
conductino through LV is delayed, therefore the pulmonic valve closes before the aortic. only occurs during exhalation

Physiology Exam II (10 decks)

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