Physiology lecture 4

Question 1

Pituary gland superior lobe

Answer 1

(neurohypophysis) hormone storage of neural hormonea originated from hypothalamus, oxytocin and ADH

Question 2

Pituary gland anterior lobe

Answer 2

produces hormones such as growth hormone and TSH, secretion regulated by hypothalamus

Question 3

TSH

Answer 3

produced in anterior lobe of pituary gland, metabolic hormone, iodine from food needed to work proprly

Question 4

Parathyroid gland

Answer 4

Produces parathyroid hormone (PTH) which regulates calcium

Question 5

Glucagon

Answer 5

stimulates glycogenesis (opslaan glucose)

Question 6

insuline

Answer 6

transports glucose to cells (with diabetes body does not react to it anymore so too much glucose in the blood)

Question 7

Layers in artery and veins

Answer 7

tunica intima= inner layer, endothelium
tunica media= muscle layer consisting of smooth muscle, thick in artery, thin in vein
tunica externa= outer layer, connective tissue

Question 8

functions of arteries

Answer 8

pressure reservoir
distribution
resistance

Question 9

continuous capillary

Answer 9

endothelium covering the whole membrane, no holes

Question 10

fenestrated capillary

Answer 10

small holes in endothelium to allow passage of small molecules

Question 11

sinusoid capillaries

Answer 11

large holes in endothelium, passaging of large blood components

Question 12

systolic blood pressure

Answer 12

highest bloos pressure

Question 13

diastolic blood pressure

Answer 13

lowest bloos pressure

Question 14

beta blockers

Answer 14

blocks stress hormone in muscles

Question 15

calcium chanel blockers

Answer 15

block calcium –> feal weaker

Question 16

ADH

Answer 16

decreases osmolarity in the blood and increases blood volume and concentration of the urine

Question 17

Sodium

Answer 17

main electrolyte in controlling the fluid and water distribution in the body

Question 18

RAA system

Answer 18

reabsoption of sodium by the kidneys (biggest part happens in proximal tubules and rest in nephron loops

Question 19

H+ regulated by

Answer 19

chemical buffers (phosphates and proteins)
brain stem respiratory centres (fast response, water and HCO3)
renal mechanism (slow mechanism)