Mammalian part 1 Flashcards
Steric hindrance
Limiting conformation of proteins
Kinase
adds phosphate to protein –> active
Phosphatase
Removes phosphate from protein –> inactive
Ubiquitin
Small molecule that marks cell for degradation
Glycolysis
Anaerobic, produces ATP
Oxidative respiration
Aerobic (anders verzuring) –> proton gradient
Conversion of proton gradient
ADP –> ATP, uses energy from proton gradient, inner membrane mitochondria
Catabolism
Degradation of food, aerobic and produces energy
Anabolism
Formation of larger molecules (DNA, proteins etc), releases water and needs energy
Histone
Markes what needs to be active in DNA, N-terminal tails
Chromatin
DNA + histones wrapped around it for stucture and formation of chromosome
Heterochromatin
Tightly packed DNA
Euchromatin
Less compact DNA
Gyrase
Unwinds DNA
Helicase
Breaks hydrogen bonds, separates strands
SBB
Stops re-annealing, keeps bases available
DNA primase
Makes primer of RNA at origin
DNA polymerase 3
Initiates at 3’ so 5’–>3’
Exonuclease
removes RNA primer
Polymerase 1
Fills gaps between okazaki-fragments
DNA ligase
Seals gaps between okazaki-fragments
TBP
Recognizes TATA, connected to TF2D
TF2B
Possitions polymerase at the TATA
TF2H
Opens DNA, detaches polymerase from factors