Physiology Flashcards
What type of receptor does the PNS activate at an effector organ?
Muscarinic
An excitable membrane will become depolarized upon influx of which ion?
Na
Stimulation of which tract causes an involuntary contraction of an excitatory extensor?
Vestibiulospinal
Piling up of inadequate stimuli to threshold value and eventual action potential is termed?
Summation
Which is unique to cardiac muscles?
Contains intercalated discs
Motor units
Consist of a motor neuron and all of the muscle fibers it innervates
The “I” bands in a sarcomere are made up of?
Actin
The greater the heart is filled during systole, the greater will be the force during systole. This is known as/
Starlings law
The p wave on a ekg represents
Atrial depolarization
What events results in the s1 heart sound?
Closure of AV valves
Which is present in both coagulation cascade pathways?
C-3
Total lung capacity can be defined as?
Vital capacity + residual vol
What is the respiratory adjustment to decreased CO2 in the blood?
Decreased respiration depth and rate
The greatest percentage of infiltrated water is reabsorded in the?
Proximal Convoluted Tubule
Lymphatic tissue is primarily found in?
Skin and Gut
Calcium absorption in the GI tract is increased by the action of which vitamin?
D
Which is not a protein difesting enzyme of the GI system?
Amylase
The suckling reflex in the infant stimulates the release of which hormone from the posterior pituitary gland?
Oxytocin
Testosterone is produced and secreted by?
Interstitial cells of Leydig
When exercising a muscle which type of contraction does not change the length of the muscle?
Isometric
When a neuron is in a facilitated state, the membrane of its soma is?
Close to threshold potential
Which region of the brain inhibits contraction of skeletal muscle that opposes the intended movement?
Basal ganglia
Slow pain fibers do all of the following except?
Activate spinal reflexes
Which region of the brain regulates temperature control, food intake, and reproductive function?
Hypothalamus
Which characteristic does cardiac muscle share with skeletal muscle?
It has sarcomeres
Slow oxidative muscle fibers
Have smaller diameters than fast anaerobic fibers
Which statement about visceral smooth muscle is true?
It can develop more tension per cubic centimeter than skeletal muscle
When negative feedback processes are working correctly, failure of the thyroid gland to secrete thyroid hormone in response to thyroid stimulating hormone will result in?
Increase secretion of TSH
Growth hormone secretion can be stimulated by all of the following except?
Elevated blood glucose
Negative feedback regulation of FSH is provided by?
Testosterone
Which physical characteristic enhances the ability of muscle cells to use oxygen?
Increased mitochondria
Abnormally slow depolarization of the ventricles would most change the shape of the ____ in an ECG
QRS complex
The vol of blood ejected from each ventricle during a contraction is called the?
Stroke volume
Total peripheral resistance is related to all of the following except the?
Osmolarity of intersitial fluids
When the diaphragm and external intercostals mucles contract
The volume of the thorax increases
Most of the oxygen transported in the blood is ?
Bound to hemoglobin
The ions in highest conc in the ECF are?
Sodium and chloride
The glomerulus differes from other capillaries in the body that it
Is drained by an efferent arteriole
The enzyme pepsin breaks down?
Proteins
The mechanical and chemical receptors that control digestive activity are located?
In the walls of the tract organs
