Physiology 2 Flashcards
secretion of solutes into the tubular fluid.
tubular secretion
removal of water and solutes from the tubular fluid.
tubular reabsorption
passage of fluid that resembles plasma through the glomerular capillaries into the renal tubules.
Glomerular filtration
There are two types of epithelial transport across the renal tubules
cellular and paraceullar
Then movement from the interstitial space to the peri-tubular capillaries occurs by
bulk flow
Name 3 types of primary active pumprs
Na K pump, Ca ATPase, H ATPase
Name secondary active symport
Na with either glucose or amino acids
Name secondary active antiport
Na in exchange for K or H
T or F, endocytosis is a type of active transport
TRUE
Where does endocytosis occur in the nephrone?
small proteins and peptide hormones are reabsorbed in the proximal tubules
Name particles that move paracelluarly
Cl (and other anions), K
the maximum rate at which a substance can be actively transported.
transport maxium
that maxium limit is due to
saturation of transporters
T or F, Transport maximum exists nearly for every substance transported
false, acitvely transported
The Tm OF glucose is
375 in men 300 in women
How much sodium is filtered per day?
26000 mmol
How much sodium is excreted in urine per day?
150 mmol
percentage of Na reabsorbed
99.50%
_____of Na is actively re-absorbed in proximal convoluted tubule (PCT).
60-70%
_____of Na is actively reabsorbed in loop of Henli.
20-25%
___of Na is reabsorbed in the distal tubule and collecting ducts.
<5%
Different transport proteins are involved in the movement of Na+ across the basolateral membranes of renal tubular cells. T or F
false, apical membrane
Allows for 90% of glucose reabsortopm in the upper part of the PCT
SGLT2
mainly abundant in the intestine, allows 10% of Na glucose reabsotption in the late part of the PCT
SGLT1
60-70% of WATER is ________re-absorbed in the _______
passively, PCT
Na is transported ________ into the intersitital fluid thorugh the basolateral memrbance by _____________
actively, Na K ATPase
Glucose, amino acids, lactate and phosphates are a) symported with na b)antiported with Na
a
Name the 3 main apical transporters in the PCT
Na/glucose CT , Na/amino acids CT, Na/H exhcanger
Name the main apical transporter in the thick ascending limb
Na K Cl CT
Name the main apical transporter in the distal convoluted tubule
NaCl CT
Name the main apical transpoerted in the collecting duct
Na channel (EnacC)
Na K Atpase spits out and takes in how many Na and K
spirts out 3 Na, takes in 2K
Whats the difference between the renal threshold for glucose and the maximum Tc
Figure it out….u should know this
Whats the renal threshold for glucose in venous blood
180 mg/dl
PAH is an organic acid that us used to measure
renal plasma flow (RPF)
Which of these substances is normally found in the body? A) PAH b) creatinine c)inulin
b
freely filtered and is actively secreted into the tubular fluid.
PAH
In which part of the tubules is K secreted by prinicpal cells into the fluid
distal tubules
IN the ___________the ____________secrete H and reabsorb K and HCO3
distal tubules and collecting ducts the intercaleted cells secrete
IF ur blood is acidic as F, instead of ____ H is pumped out via
K , via the H K-ATPase
If ur blood is acidic H is secreted in which part of the tubule….
collecting ducts
Q1: The molecules movement from the interstitial space to the peritubular capillaries occurs by …?
(A) electrical gradient (B) magnetic gradient (C) starling’s force
(D) proton gradient
C
Q2: The transport maximum for glucose is …?
(A) 200 mg/min in both male & women
(B) 370 mg/min in men & 300mg/min in women (C) 300 mg/min in men & 375 mg/min in women (D) 375 mg/min in men & 300 mg/min in women
D
Q3: Which area in the tubules highly reabsorbs Na+?
(A) descending part of loop of henle (B) Distal tubule
(C) proximal tubule
(D) ascending part of loop of henle
C
Q4: Mutation in the gene Na-K-2Cl transporter can cause …?
(A) Kidney failure
(B) Bartter syndrome
(C) Gitelman syndrome (D) elevation in Mg+ levels
B
Q5: Na+ reabsorption in the collecting duct from the lumen into the cell happens through …?
(A) ENaC
(B) Na+/K+ ATPase (C) passive diffusion (D) facilitated diffusion
A
Q6: Thiazides blocks which of the following transporters? (A) ENaC (B) Na+/K+ ATPase (C) Na+ - Cl- transport (D) Na+/K+/Cl- transporter
C
Q7: A patient presented with glycosuria, plasma glucose concentration is expected to be … ?
(A) 180 mg/dl
(B) 100 mg/dl
(C) Higher than 180 mg/dl (D) Below 100 mg/dl
C
Q8: PAH is used to measure which of the following?
(A) GFR
(B) urine output (C) proteins
(D) RPF
D
