Physiology 1

Question 1

nAME 3 endocrine functions of kidneys

Answer 1

– Erythropoietin secretion.
– Regulation of vitamin D activation.
– Renin secretion.

Question 2

each kidney contains about ________nephrons

Answer 2

1 million, cuz u look like a million bucks :D bobooo looks like a bazillion :(

Question 3

80% of nephrons are ______type

Answer 3

cortical

Question 4

Whats the function of Juxtamedullary nephrons

Answer 4

concentrate urine

Question 5

Renal arteries deliver ≈ __________of cardiac output to the kidneys (1.0 -1.2 liters /minute)

Answer 5

20-25%

Question 6

• Cells contract and relax to alter blood flow.

* Take up immune complexes and involved in progression of glomerular diseases.

Answer 6

mesangial cells

Question 7

prevents the passage of blood cells and plasma proteins

Answer 7

endothelium of glomerulus

Question 8

prevents passage of charged protein

Answer 8

basement membrane

Question 9

restricts passage of plasma protiens

Answer 9

podocytes of visceral epith of bowmans cap

Question 10

_______L of fluid pass passively through the glomerulus to the bowmans capsule witht a GFR of

Answer 10

180L, 120-125 ml/min

Question 11

determines the amount of fluid that is filtered through the membrane.

Answer 11

Filtrationcoefficientoftheglomerularmembrane(Kf)

Question 12

K(f) is a product of

Answer 12

effective filteration SA and permeability of capillaries

Question 13

Filtration through the glomerular membrane is affected by both

Answer 13

molecular charge and size

Question 14

A filterability of 1 means

Answer 14

a substance is filtered as freely as water.

Question 15

Particles______________are not filtered.

Answer 15

> 8 nm (80 Å)

Question 16

allows low

molecular weigh proteins like albumin to be filtered and eventually to appear in urine (proteinuria).

Answer 16

loss of negativity of the basement membrane

Question 17

Net filteration pressure is

Answer 17

HP-(Op +HP)= 10mmHg

Question 18

Ureteral obstruction.

Edema of kidney inside tight renal capsule. Affect

Answer 18

bowmanss capsule hydrostatic pressure

Question 19

What happen to the GFR when BP increases or falls?

Answer 19

nothing bec of renal autoregulation

Question 20

• Specialized cells in the DCT that control GFR and renin secretion

Answer 20

macula densa

Question 21

Secrete renin.

Answer 21

JGC

Question 22

Transmits information from macula densa to JG cells.

Answer 22

Extra-glomerularmesangialcells:

Question 23

he volume of plasma completely cleared of a

substance (x) by the kidneys per unit time.

Answer 23

renal clearance

Question 24

Renal blood flow (RBF) can be calculated

Answer 24

[Renal blood flow = RPF/(1-hematocrit)].

Question 25

The ratio of GFR to renal plasma flow (RPF) is the

Answer 25

filteration fraction

Question 26

of the renal plasma flow is filtered into Bowman space.

Answer 26

20%

Question 27

unit for clearance is

Answer 27

ml/min

Question 28

Angiotensin II, nitric oxide, prostaglandins and bradykinin tend to __________GFR.

Answer 28

increase

Question 29

Norepinephrine, epinephrine and endothelin tend to _______GFR

Answer 29

lower

Question 30

Name 3 bioactive substances and 3 metabolic wastes

Answer 30

"– Metabolic wastes: Urea, creatinine, bilirubin and uric acid. – Bioactive substances: Hormones, toxins and drugs."