Physiology 1 Flashcards
nAME 3 endocrine functions of kidneys
– Erythropoietin secretion.
– Regulation of vitamin D activation.
– Renin secretion.
each kidney contains about ________nephrons
1 million, cuz u look like a million bucks :D bobooo looks like a bazillion :(
80% of nephrons are ______type
cortical
Whats the function of Juxtamedullary nephrons
concentrate urine
Renal arteries deliver ≈ __________of cardiac output to the kidneys (1.0 -1.2 liters /minute)
20-25%
- Cells contract and relax to alter blood flow.
* Take up immune complexes and involved in progression of glomerular diseases.
mesangial cells
prevents the passage of blood cells and plasma proteins
endothelium of glomerulus
prevents passage of charged protein
basement membrane
restricts passage of plasma protiens
podocytes of visceral epith of bowmans cap
_______L of fluid pass passively through the glomerulus to the bowmans capsule witht a GFR of
180L, 120-125 ml/min
determines the amount of fluid that is filtered through the membrane.
Filtrationcoefficientoftheglomerularmembrane(Kf)
K(f) is a product of
effective filteration SA and permeability of capillaries
Filtration through the glomerular membrane is affected by both
molecular charge and size
A filterability of 1 means
a substance is filtered as freely as water.
Particles______________are not filtered.
> 8 nm (80 Å)
allows low
molecular weigh proteins like albumin to be filtered and eventually to appear in urine (proteinuria).
loss of negativity of the basement membrane
Net filteration pressure is
HP-(Op +HP)= 10mmHg
Ureteral obstruction.
Edema of kidney inside tight renal capsule. Affect
bowmanss capsule hydrostatic pressure
What happen to the GFR when BP increases or falls?
nothing bec of renal autoregulation
• Specialized cells in the DCT that control GFR and renin secretion
macula densa
Secrete renin.
JGC
Transmits information from macula densa to JG cells.
Extra-glomerularmesangialcells:
he volume of plasma completely cleared of a
substance (x) by the kidneys per unit time.
renal clearance
Renal blood flow (RBF) can be calculated
[Renal blood flow = RPF/(1-hematocrit)].
The ratio of GFR to renal plasma flow (RPF) is the
filteration fraction
of the renal plasma flow is filtered into Bowman space.
20%
unit for clearance is
ml/min
Angiotensin II, nitric oxide, prostaglandins and bradykinin tend to __________GFR.
increase
Norepinephrine, epinephrine and endothelin tend to _______GFR
lower
Name 3 bioactive substances and 3 metabolic wastes
“– Metabolic wastes: Urea, creatinine, bilirubin and uric acid.
– Bioactive substances: Hormones, toxins and drugs.”
