Physiological processes of Pain Flashcards
Pharmacokinetics is concerned with the processes of …
absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination of drugs
What is Neuropathic pain
Pain relating to damage to the nerve fibres themselves
What is Nociceptor
The ends of specialised nerve fibres that detect ‘noxious’ or tissue-damaging stimuli
What is Descending pain modulation
Pain is mediated by neurotransmitters such as endorphins, serotonin and nor-adrenaline that are released in the dorsal horn.
Which of the following is NOT true about opioid analgesics?
Select one or more:
a. Opioid receptors are widely distributed in the brain and spinal cord
b. Morphine is more potent than diamorphine
c. Opioids act as agonists at opioid receptors
d. Side effects of opioid analgesics include constipation, respiratory depression, and nausea and vomiting
Morphine is more potent than diamorphine
Substance P, Beta-endorphins, dopamine, epinepherine, and nor-epinepherine are examples of:
Select one or more:
a. Sandwich fillings
b. Vasodilators
c. Prostaglandins
d. Neurotransmitters
Neurotransmitters
The conversion of noxious stimuli to nerve impulses by nociceptors is called….
Nociception
The movement of nerve impulses along defined pathways to reach the brain is called…
Transmission
An increase or decrease in our perception of pain is known as…
Modulation
The conscious experience of pain that arises through stimulation of higher brain centres is called
Perception
According to the WHO analgesic ladder all of the following drugs are ‘simple pain killers’ EXCEPT:
Select one or more:
a. Gabapentin
b. Aspirin
c. Ibuprofen
d. Paracetamol
Gabapentin
This is an adjuvant drug for neuropathic pain
Which of the following is true about the chemoreceptor trigger zone?
Select one or more:
a. a portion of the central nervous system associated with vision, hearing, motor control, sleep/wake, arousal (alertness), and temperature regulation.
b. physical representation of the human body, located within the brain
c. is an area of the medulla oblongata that receives inputs from blood-borne drugs or hormones, and communicates with other structures in the vomiting center to initiate vomiting.
d. One of the two parts of the cerebral cortex linked to speech
an area of the medulla oblongata that receives inputs from blood-borne drugs or hormones, and communicates with other structures in the vomiting centre to initiate vomiting
Which of the following is TRUE about prostaglandin
a. Prostaglandins increase the threshold at which the pain receptors fire
b. Prostaglandin is the active ingredient in ibuprofen gel
c. Prostaglandins regulate the length of the nerve impulse
d. Prostaglandins have hormone-like actions that increase pain by sensitising receptors
Prostaglandins have hormone-like actions that increase pain by sensitising receptors
Neuropathic pain is caused by
Select one or more:
a. Damage to nerve fibres themselves
b. Taking too many pathophysiology quizzes
c. High blood pressure
d. Pain causing signals like high temperature or intense pressure
Damage to nerve fibres themselves
Drugs are usually metabolised in the…
a. Liver
