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Microbiology > Physiological Diversity: Heterotrophy > Flashcards

Physiological Diversity: Heterotrophy Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are Heterotrophs?

A

Use organic compounds to produce energy

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2
Q

What are Autotrophs?

A

Use energy from light or reduced inorganic compounds to fix CO2

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3
Q

Photoautotrophs

A

Extract energy from light

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4
Q

Chemoautotrophs

A

Extract energy from reduced inorganic compounds (H2S)

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5
Q

Electron Donor

A

Substance to which an electron is removed (becomes oxidized)

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6
Q

Electron Acceptor

A

Substance to which an electron is aded (becomes reduced)

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7
Q

What are the 6 major forms of Anaerobic Respiration?

A

Denitrification. Manganese Reduction. Iron Reduction. Sulfate Reduction. Methanogenesis. Acetogenesis.

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8
Q

What is the Terminal Electron Acceptor in Aerobic Respiration?

A

O2

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9
Q

What does a more negative delta G mean?

A

More energy is released

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10
Q

What is the Electron Donor in Aerobic Chemoorganotrophy?

A

Methane (CH4)

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11
Q

What is the Electron Acceptor in Denitrification?

A

Nitrate (NO3-)

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12
Q

Is Denitrification Aerobic?

A

No

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13
Q

What is the Electron Acceptor in Manganese Reduction?

A

Manganese Dioxide (MnO2)

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14
Q

Is Manganese Reduction an Anaerobic process?

A

Yes

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15
Q

What is the Electron Acceptor in Iron Reduction?

A

Iron Hydroxide (FeOH)

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16
Q

What is the Electron Acceptor in Sulfate Reduction?

A

Sulfate (SO4-)

17
Q

What is the Electron Acceptor in Methanogensis?

A

Organic Carbon based compound

18
Q

What is the Electron Acceptor in Acetogenesis?

A

Organic Carbon based compound

19
Q

What kind of organisms are methanogens?

A

All Anaerobic Archaea

20
Q

What is Syntrophy?

A

When two microbes team up to degrade a substance

21
Q

What is an example of Syntrophy?

A

Ethanol fermentors break down ethanol into H2 that can be used by methanogens to produce methane

22
Q

What happens in Fermentation?

A

Organic matter acts as the electron donor, and also as an internal electron acceptor. Organic matter cannot be fully oxidized to CO2. Less energy is produced compared to aerobic respiration.

23
Q

What are the two phases of fermentation?

A

Glycolysis and Fermentation pathway

24
Q

Where is the Homolactic Fermentation pathway used in everyday life?

A

To make cheese and yogurt

25
Q

Where is the Heterolactic Fermentation pathway used in everyday live?

A

To make sauerkraut

26
Q

When is the Mixed Acid Fermentation Pathway used in everyday life?

A

To make plastics and elastic fibers like spandex

27
Q

Where is the Propionic Acid Fermentation Pathway used?

A

To make swiss cheese

28
Q

Where is the Butyric Acid Fermentation Pathway used?

A

Major industrial solvents, perfumes, hydraulic and brake fluids, paint thinner

Microbiology (19 decks)

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