Internal Structures

Question 1

What are Characteristics of the Prokaryotic Chromosome?

Answer 1

Single Circular Haploid. Double stranded and highly coiled. Forms a nucleoid.

Question 2

What kind of genes are in Plasmids?

Answer 2

Unessential, but helpful genes like antibiotic resistance.

Question 3

Purple Sulfur Bacteria, Green Sulfur Bacteria and Cyanobacteria

Answer 3

Photoautotrophs

Question 4

What kind of Internal Membranes do Purple Sulfur Bacteria have?

Answer 4

Lamella and vesicles that are continuous with the cytoplasmic membrane

Question 5

What kind of Internal Membranes do Green Sulfur Bacteria have?

Answer 5

Chlorosomes that are not continuous with the cytoplasmic membrane

Question 6

What kind of Internal Membranes do Cyanobacteria have?

Answer 6

Thylakoid Membranes

Question 7

Nitrifying Bacteria and Methane-Oxidizing Bacteria

Answer 7

Chemoautotophs

Question 8

Why do some bacteria produce Endospores?

Answer 8

Endospores can survive very intense environments and are very hard to kill

Question 9

What are Endospores made of?

Answer 9

Exosporium (delicate protein covering), Spore Coat (spore-specific proteins), Cortex (thick peptidoglycan layer), and Core (DNA, Dipicolinic Acid for heat resistance)

Question 10

How are Endospores killed?

Answer 10

Autoclave

Question 11

What are Magnetosomes?

Answer 11

Unique property that allow some aquatic bacteria to respond to a magnetic field. May help in orientation and direction to migrate to find low O2 areas

Question 12

What are Gas Vesicles?

Answer 12

Analogous to a swim bladder. Allow some Cyanobacteria to be buoyant in aquatic environments.