Physio test Flashcards
What is the Haldane transformation
a method used to calculate oxygen consumption (VO2) and carbon dioxide production (VCO2) in indirect calorimetry
Regarding peripheral fatigue:
1. It involves an increase in brain serotonin levels
2. It occurs despite optimal activation by motorneurons
3. It refers only to high frequency fatigue
4. It will not occur during low-intensity prolonged muscle contractions
2.
Which of the following is not required in the Haldane transformation?
- RER
- FIO2
- VE
- FECO2
1.
Which of the following is not true of the cardio-dynamic phase?
1. It occurs at the onset of exercise
2. It is also known as phase I
3. It lasts up to 3 minutes
4. It does not reflect exercising oxygen consumption
3.
Name the components of the oxygen uptake kinetics curve
Phase I - cardio-dynamic phase
- not reflective of the muscles
- lasts ~10-20 seconds
Phase II - primary/fast component
- reflects the working muscles
- lasts up to 3 minutes
Phase III - steady state or slow component
(steady state)
- VO2 is reached
- occurs below the lactate threshold
- amplitude of response is lower post training
(slow component)
- above the lactate threshold
The mean response time is the overall kinetic response
True
During the fast component of EPOC:
1. VO2 returns to pre-exercise values
2. Myoglobin stores remain depleted
3. Elevated circulating hormones cause VO2 to remain elevated above baseline
4. PCr stores are restored
4.
What is a resting FeO2 value
15-18%
What is a resting FeCO2 value
~4%
What is a resting VO2 value
200-250 ml/min or 3.5 ml/kg/min
What does METs mean
Metabolic equivalent
1 MET = 3.5 ml/kg/min
Name the Gas Exchange Thresholds
VT - ventilation threshold
RCP - respiratory compensation point
What is VT
Ventilation threshold
- 1st sign of the onset of buffering
- at low-moderate intensity, VE is coupled with VCO2
- 1st breakpoint in blood lactate, but no change in pH
- more CO2 is produced by bicarbonate buffering of H+
What is RCP
Respiratory compensation point
- if the intensity increases, VA hyperventilation occurs
- no more buffering, pH falls, and VE increased due to stimulation by H+
- final buffering phase into exercise acidosis
- once reached exercise can only last a few minutes
What is the isocapnic phase
the phase between VT and RCP, and is sensitive to training
At the respiratory compensation point PETO2 increases but PETCO2 falls
True
what plot determines VT
V slope method
VCO2 and VO2
what plot determines RCP
VE and VCO2
what plot determines VT and RCP
VE and VO2
what is the v slope method
a change in gradient
what is the ventilatory equivalent method
using a VE/VO2 and VE/VCO2 graph to determine VT and RCP
What happens to blood pressure from supine to upright
higher
All muscle fibres increase in size following a sufficient period of strength training. However, type II muscle fibres increase in size the most
True
