Physio test

Question 1

What is the Haldane transformation

Answer 1

a method used to calculate oxygen consumption (VO2) and carbon dioxide production (VCO2) in indirect calorimetry

Question 2

Regarding peripheral fatigue:
1. It involves an increase in brain serotonin levels
2. It occurs despite optimal activation by motorneurons
3. It refers only to high frequency fatigue
4. It will not occur during low-intensity prolonged muscle contractions

Answer 2

2.

Question 3

Which of the following is not required in the Haldane transformation?

1. RER
2. FIO2
3. VE
4. FECO2

Answer 3

1.

Question 4

Which of the following is not true of the cardio-dynamic phase?
1. It occurs at the onset of exercise
2. It is also known as phase I
3. It lasts up to 3 minutes
4. It does not reflect exercising oxygen consumption

Answer 4

3.

Question 5

Name the components of the oxygen uptake kinetics curve

Answer 5

Phase I - cardio-dynamic phase
- not reflective of the muscles
- lasts ~10-20 seconds
Phase II - primary/fast component
- reflects the working muscles
- lasts up to 3 minutes
Phase III - steady state or slow component
(steady state)
- VO2 is reached
- occurs below the lactate threshold
- amplitude of response is lower post training
(slow component)
- above the lactate threshold

Question 6

The mean response time is the overall kinetic response

Answer 6

True

Question 7

During the fast component of EPOC:
1. VO2 returns to pre-exercise values
2. Myoglobin stores remain depleted
3. Elevated circulating hormones cause VO2 to remain elevated above baseline
4. PCr stores are restored

Answer 7

4.

Question 8

What is a resting FeO2 value

Answer 8

15-18%

Question 9

What is a resting FeCO2 value

Answer 9

~4%

Question 10

What is a resting VO2 value

Answer 10

200-250 ml/min or 3.5 ml/kg/min

Question 11

What does METs mean

Answer 11

Metabolic equivalent
1 MET = 3.5 ml/kg/min

Question 12

Name the Gas Exchange Thresholds

Answer 12

VT - ventilation threshold
RCP - respiratory compensation point

Question 13

What is VT

Answer 13

Ventilation threshold
- 1st sign of the onset of buffering
- at low-moderate intensity, VE is coupled with VCO2
- 1st breakpoint in blood lactate, but no change in pH
- more CO2 is produced by bicarbonate buffering of H+

Question 14

What is RCP

Answer 14

Respiratory compensation point
- if the intensity increases, VA hyperventilation occurs
- no more buffering, pH falls, and VE increased due to stimulation by H+
- final buffering phase into exercise acidosis
- once reached exercise can only last a few minutes

Question 15

What is the isocapnic phase

Answer 15

the phase between VT and RCP, and is sensitive to training

Question 16

At the respiratory compensation point PETO2 increases but PETCO2 falls

Answer 16

True

Question 17

what plot determines VT

Answer 17

V slope method
VCO2 and VO2

Question 18

what plot determines RCP

Answer 18

VE and VCO2

Question 19

what plot determines VT and RCP

Answer 19

VE and VO2

Question 20

what is the v slope method

Answer 20

a change in gradient

Question 21

what is the ventilatory equivalent method

Answer 21

using a VE/VO2 and VE/VCO2 graph to determine VT and RCP

Question 22

What happens to blood pressure from supine to upright

Answer 22

higher

Question 23

All muscle fibres increase in size following a sufficient period of strength training. However, type II muscle fibres increase in size the most

Answer 23

True