Physio Module 9 Flashcards
(113 cards)
1
Q
GnRH is produced in the A. Paraventricular nuclei B. Arcuate nuclei C. Supra optic nuclei D. Anterior pituitary
A
B
2
Q
In hair root test presence of fluorescent body means A. The patient is male B. The patient is female C. The patient is pregnant D. The patient is a genius
A
A fluorescent body - Y chromosome
3
Q
Which of the ff secretes MIF A. Leydig cells B, granulosa cells C. Theca cells D. Sertoli cells
A
D
Testosterone - leydig
6
Q
Development of differences between male and female from an undifferentiated zygote A, chromosomes B. Sex differentiation C. Sex determination D. Gene polymorphism
A
B
7
Q
Largest somatic chromosome A. 1 B. 5 C. 22 D. 23
A
A
Smallest - chromosome 22
10
Q
Cells in meiosis II are A. Haploid B. Thirploid C. Diploid D. Mongoloid
A
A
11
Q
After meiosis, how many daughter cells are produced? A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. 3 E. 4
A
E.
Mitosis - 2
13
Q
Milk producing hormone A. Estrogen B. Prolactin C. Dopamine D. Progesterone
A
B
14
Q
A XX fetus was injected with testosterone. She will be
A. Genetically male , phenotypically male
B. Genetically male, phenotypically female
C. Genetically female, phenotypically male
D. Genetically female, phenotypically female
A
C
15
Q
Determined by the presence of absence of SRY gene A. Chromosomal sex B. Gonadal sex C. Phenotypic sex D. Psychological sex
A
B
16
Q
Established by genetic inheritance at the moment of fertilization A. Chromosomal sex B. Gonadal sex C. Phenotypic sex D. Psychological sex
A
A
17
Q
Stage of the oocyte when the sperm invites the follicle A. Primary B. Secondary C. Tertiary D. Primordial
A
B
19
Q
In pre eclampsia, RBF and GFR are \_\_\_\_\_, \_\_\_\_\_\_ respectively A. High, low B. Low, low C. Low, high D. High, high
A
B
20
Q
Coiled DNA containing many genes, regulatory elements and other nucleotide sequences A. Chromosome B. mRNA C. Nucleosome D. Barr bodies
A
A
21
Q
What part of the cell cycle is characterized by The opposite of telophase A. Prophase B. Metaphase C. Anaphase D. Meiosis
A
A
22
Q
Which of the ff comes from the wolffian duct A. Formation of oviduct B. Formation of clitoris C. Formation of scrotum D. Formation of vas deferens
A
D
23
Q
During pregnancy, fetal blood is \_\_\_\_\_\_, maternal blood is \_\_\_\_\_ A. Acidic, alkaline B. Acidic, acidic C. Alkaline, alkaline D. Alkaline, acidic
A
D
26
Q
During pregnancy there is \_\_\_\_\_aldosterone secretion, \_\_\_\_\_ GFR A. Inc, dec B. Inc, inc C. Dec, dec D. Dec, inc
A
B
28
Q
What encodes for the SRY protein A. Chromosome X B. Chromosome Y C. Chromosomes 22 D. Chromosome 1
A
B
29
Q
Lyon hypothesis states that
A. Everyone is made in the image and likeness of God
B. One of the 2 X chromosomes in female will be inactivated
C. Testosterone will determine the genetic sex
D. SRY gene is seen in chromosome 8
A
B
32
Q
This organ has a slightly colder temperature compared to the rest of the body, making it optimum for sperm activation A. Scrotum B. Testes C. Penis D. Prostate
A
A
33
Q
Heterogametic pattern leads to A. Male baby B. Female baby C. Twins D. Abortion
A
A
34
Q
In the process of oogenesis, a polar body
A) is formed before fertilization.
B) is formed after fertilization.
C)normally receives most of the cytoplasm of the cell.
D)is a very cold cell.
E) both a and b
A
E
35
Q
A patient underwent sex chromatin test, the result shows 1 X chromosome in excess. The interpretation of this is A. The patient is male B. The patient is female C. The patient is supermale D. The patient is super female
A
B
If 2 Barr bodies- super female
In no Barr bodies- male
36
```
Cells in meiosis I are
A. Haploid
B. Diploid
C. Polyploid
D. Triploid
```
B
37
```
Presence of testes
A. Chromosomal sex
B. Gonadal sex
C. Phenotypic sex
D. Psychological sex
```
Gonadal sex
39
```
Sperm produced in the seminiferous tubules are
A. Active and motile
B. Inactive but motile
C. Active but non motile
D. Inactive and non motile
```
D
40
```
Where sperm cells are majorly stored
A. Scrotum
B. Testes
C. vas deferens
D. Epididymis
```
C
42
```
Action of testosterone on wolffian duct is an example of
A. Negative feedback
B. Positive feedback
C. Classic endocrine mechanism
D. Local Paracrine
```
D
43
```
Fetal hemoglobin causes the curve to shift to the
A. Left
B. Right
C. Left then right
D. Right then left
```
A
44
```
Abundant from of estrogen found in the ovary
A, estradiol
B. Estriol
C. Estrone
D. Androgen
```
A
45
```
In the menstrual cycle, progesterone levels are highest during
A) the proliferative phase.
B) menses.
C)the secretory phase.
D)ovulation.
E) both b and d
```
C
46
```
How are the nutrients from maternal blood to fetal blood transported
A. Diffusion
B. Primary active transport
C. Secondary active transport
D. Aquaporins
```
A
47
```
This is responsible for the milky appearance of the semen
A. Secretion of the vas deferens
B. Secretion of seminal vesicle
C. Secretion of prostate gland
D, secretion of Cowper's gland
```
C
48
The cause of menses in the menstrual cycle is
A) increased progesterone production from the ovary, which produces blood clotting.
B) increased estrogen secretion from the ovary, which stimulates the muscles of the uterus to contract.
C)decreased progesterone and estrogen secretion by the ovary.
D)decreased production of oxytocin, causing the muscles of the uterus to relax.
E) decreased production of HCG.
C
50
```
Single, most consistent factor of determining maleness
A. Chromosome 1
B. Chromosome 18
C. Chromosome Y
D. Chromosome X
```
C
51
```
This is influenced by behavior and cultural factor
A. Chromosomal sex
B. Gonadal sex
C. Phenotypic sex
D. Psychological sex
```
D
52
```
In Klinefelter syndrome (XXY) the person is
A. Genetically male
B. Genetically female
C. Hermaphrodite
D. Alien
```
A. May Y chromosome kasi
54
```
What induces the growth of wolffian duct
A. Testosterone
B. MIF
C. Estrogen
D. Cortisol
```
A
57
```
Main Producer of oxytocin
A. Supra optic nuclei
B. Paraventricular nuclei
C. Posterior pituitary
D. Adrenal cortex
```
B.
| Supra optic can also produce it
61
True or false, there is no prolactin secretion throughout pregnancy that's why no milk is produced
False.
| Milk secretion is inhibited by estrogen and progesterone
62
```
What part of the cell cycle is characterized by Chromosomes decondense,Spindle apparatus disappears
A. Prophase
B. Metaphase
C. Anaphase
D. Telophase
```
D
63
```
Before ovulation, the oocyte is in
A. Mitosis
B. Meiosis I
C. Meiosis II
D. G2 phase
```
B. Arrested at prophase I
64
```
During pregnancy, levels of FSH and LH are _____,_____ respectively
A. High, high
B. Low, high
C. High, low
D. Low, low
```
D
| Inc estrogen and progesterone think negative feedback
65
```
During the first few days after fertilization , the blastocyst gets its nutrition from
A. Placenta
B. Uterus
C. Cervix
D. Sperm
```
B
66
Oral contraceptive pills usually contain
A. Natural estrogen, natural progesterone
B. Natural estrogen , synthetic progesterone
C. Synthetic estrogen, natural progesterone
D. Synthetic estrogen, synthetic progesterone
D.
| Natural estrogen and progesterone are inactivated by liver rapidly
67
If a couple wants to get pregnant the natural way, what advise would you give them
A. Have sex 7 days after the luteal phase
B. Have sex 7 days before the proliferative phase
C. Have sex 14 days before the secretory phase
D. Have sex 14 days after the follicular phase
C
69
```
Which structure secretes HCG
A. Uterus
B. Ovary
C. Blastocyst
D. Trophoblast cells
```
C
70
```
Which of the ff structures contains prostaglandin
A. Vas deferens
B. Prostate gland
C. Seminal vesicle
D. Ejaculatory duct
```
C
71
```
Erection is due to
A. Parasympathetic stimulation
B. Sympathetic stimulation
C. Sciatic nerve stimulation
D. CerebrAl control
```
A
72
```
Phase of parturition characterized by process of labor
A. First Phase
B. Second Phase
C. Third Phase
D. Fourth Phase
```
C
73
Menstration occurs
A. 1 day before fall of progesterone levels
B. 1 day before fall of estrogen level
C. 1 day after fall of progesterone level
D. 1 day after fall of estrogen level
C
74
```
Stimulus for the descend of fetal testes in the last trimester
A. Oxytocin
B. Testosterone
C. MIF
D. Estrogen
```
B
75
```
Sensitivity to CO2 is mediated by what hormone
A. Estrogen
B. Progesterone
C. Oxytocin
D. Prolactin
```
B
76
```
What hormone decreases during proliferative phase of monthly cycle
A. Estrogen
B. Progesterone
C. Both
D. None
```
D
77
```
During ovulation, a(n) __________ is released from the ovary.
A) oogonium
B) primary oocyte
C)secondary oocyte
D)polar body
E) zygote
```
C
78
```
Which of the ff helps prevent expulsion of fetus
A. Prostaglandin
B. Estrogen
C. HCG
D. Progesterone
```
D
79
```
Lubrication during coitus is primarily from
A. Cowper's gland
B. Bartholin's gland
C. Vagina
D. Sperm
```
B
80
Given these cells:
1. primary spermatocytes
2. secondary spermatocytes
3. Spermatids
4. Spermatogonia
5. sperm cells.
```
Arrange the cells in the order in which they are produced during spermatogenesis.
A) 1,2,3,4,5
B) 2,1,3,5,4
C)3,1,2,4,5
D)4,1,2,3,5
E) 5,3,4,1,2
```
D
81
```
Prepares the breast to be a secretory organ
A, estrogen
B, progesterone
C. Prolactin
D. Oxytocin
```
B
82
```
Hormone specifically for uterine contraction
A. Estrogen
B. Progesterone
C. Prolactin
D. Oxytocin
```
D
83
```
Regularity by gonadal sex of the differentiation of genital apparatus
A. Chromosomal sex
B. Gonadal sex
C. Phenotypic sex
D. Psychological sex
```
C
84
```
Absence of mullerian inhibiting factor leads to
A. Formation of oviduct
B. Formation of clitoris
C. Formation of scrotum
D. Formation of vas deferens
```
A
85
```
What part of the cell cycle is characterized by Chromosomes condense, become visible. Spindle apparatus forms.
A. Prophase
B. Metaphase
C. Anaphase
D. Telophase
```
A
86
Most important occurrence in fertilization
A. Restoration of diploidy of the zygote
B. Restoration of haploidy of the zygote
C. Inhibition of ovum maturation
D. Induction of ovum maturation
A
87
```
Process of genetic inheritance that sets the gender of an individual at the time of fertilization
A, chromosomes
B. Sex differentiation
C. Sex determination
D. Gene polymorphism
```
C
89
```
From each primary spermatocyte, __________ sperm cell(s) is (are) produced; from each primary oocyte, __________ secondary oocyte(s) is (are) produced.
A) 1, 2
B) 1, 4
C)2, 2
D)4, 1
E) 4, 2
```
D
90
```
The sex chromatin test using buccal smear yield 2% positive. Interpret
A. Patient is genetically male
B. Patient is genetically female
C. Patient is pregnant
D. Patient is tall
```
A (0-4%)
91
```
Which of the ff structures secrete alkaline fluid that gives optimal environment for the sperm
A. Vas deferens
B. Prostate gland
C. Seminal vesicle
D. Ejaculatory duct
```
B
97
```
LH, FSH, and TSH are structurally the same,their diffentiating characteristics is found in
A. Alpha subunit
B. Beta subunit
C. Delta subunit
C. Zwitter ions
```
B
98
```
What part of the cell cycle is characterized by sister chromatids separate to opposite side of the cell
A. Prophase
B. Metaphase
C. Anaphase
D. Telophase
```
C
99
```
What hormone is measured to assess the well being of the fetus
A, estradiol
B. Estriol
C. Estrone
D. Androgen
```
B
100
```
Determined by the presence or absence of masculinizing hormones
A. Chromosomal sex
B. Gonadal sex
C. Phenotypic sex
D. Psychological sex
```
C
102
```
Depends on the combination of sex chromosomes
A. Chromosomal sex
B. Gonadal sex
C. Phenotypic sex
D. Psychological sex
```
A
103
```
Drumstick appendage in the nucleus of _______ is used for determination of sex
A. RBC
B. Platelets
C. Neutrophils
D. Plasma cells
```
C
106
Fetus with XY genes but lacks receptor for testosterone are
A. Genetically male, phenotypically female
B. Genetically male, phenotypically male
C. Genetically female, phenotypically female
D, Genetically female, phenotypically male
A
109
```
Most of the pounds gained by a pregnant person is attributable to
A. Excess fluids and blood
B. Fetus
C. Fats
D. Amniotic fluid
```
B
| Fetus -7lbs
111
```
Testes is from
A. Embryonic cortex
B. Embryonic medulla
C. Genital ridge
D. Ultimobrachial body
```
B
| Ovary - cortex
115
```
Gold standard for determining genetic sex
A. Hair root test
B. Sex chromatin test
C. Karyotyping
D. Pregnancy test
```
C
123
```
Absence of SRY genes will lead to
A. Formation of testes
B. Formation of ovary
C. Formation of breast
D. Formation of scrotum
```
B
128
```
Absence of testosterone leads to
A. Formation of oviduct
B. Formation of clitoris
C. Formation of scrotum
D. Formation of vas deferens
```
B
138
```
Phase of parturition characterized by process of labor
A. Phase 0
B. Phase 1
C. Phase 2
D. Phase 3
```
C
139
```
Which of these layers is shed during menses?
A) myometrium
B) perimetrium
C)basal layer of endometrium
D)functional layer of endometrium
E) both c and d
```
D
144
```
Which of these structures contributes the greatest percentage to semen?
A) bulbourethral glands
B) prostate
C)corpus spongiosum
D)seminal vesicles
E) testes
```
D
145
```
While the follicle is developing, a positive-feedback loop occurs in which __________ stimulates the follicle, which increases the secretion of __________, which stimulates GnRH secretion.
A) LH, estrogen
B) FSH, estrogen
C)LH, progesterone
D)FSH, progesterone
E) FSH, LH
```
B
147
```
__________ , which is secreted by the placenta, stimulates the synthesis and secretion of testosterone before birth.
A) estrogen
B) GnRH
C)HCG
D)LH
E) FSH
```
C
148
```
What part of the cell cycle is characterized by Chromosomes aligning along the equator of the cell
A. Prophase
B. Metaphase
C. Anaphase
D. Telophase
```
B
149
```
In the male, the process in which sperm cells, secretions of the prostate, and secretions of the seminal vesicles accumulate in the prostatic urethra is called
A) erection.
B) emission.
C)ejaculation.
D)orgasm.
```
B
150
```
A primary oocyte divides to produce a(n)
A) oogonium.
B) secondary oocyte.
C)polar body.
D)ootid.
E) both b and c
```
E
151
```
Development of primary sex organ in response to genetic sex
A. Chromosomal sex
B. Gonadal sex
C. Phenotypic sex
D. Psychological sex
```
B
152
After 24 hours of being in the epididymis, sperm cell gains motility buy they are still non motile. Give the reason for this.
A. Statement is wrong, they are now motile
B. Presence of inhibitory proteins prevents motility
C. Sperm must first undergo another meiosis to be motile
D. Egg cell must first travel the male reproductive tract to mobilize the sperm
B
153
```
Process where the sperm become mobile so they can fertilize the ovum
A. Acrosome reaction
B. Capping
C. Maturation
D. Karyotyping
```
C
157
```
At birth, a girl has in her ovaries many __________ that have started meiosis but stopped at prophase I.
A) primary oocytes
B) secondary oocytes
C)ootids
D)ova
E) oogonia
```
A
161
True or false. Sperm can live in the female reproduction organ for more than a week
False.
Vas deferens- weeks to months
Female reproductive organ- 1-2 days only
162
```
What substance is said to aid fertilization by inducing reverse peristalsis contraction
A. Oxytocin
B. Progesterone
C. Estrogen
D. Prostaglandin
```
D
164
```
Characterized by separation of the sister chromatids
A. Mitosis
B. Meiosis I
C. Meiosis II
D. All of the above
```
C
| Meiosis I- separation of homologous chromosome
165
```
Which of the ff structures secrete mucous rich in citric acid and fructose
A. Vas deferens
B. Prostate gland
C. Seminal vesicle
D. Ejaculatory duct
```
C
166
```
Prolactin may
A. Induce ovulation
B. Inhibit ovulation
C. Induce spermatogenesis
D. Inhibit spermatogenesis
```
B
169
```
Acrosome of the sperm is mainly made up of
A. Mitochondria
B. Nucleus
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Endoplasmic reticulum
```
C
170
Conversion of spermatids to sperm cell is aided by what hormone
FSH
171
```
Secretion from this structure is last to be ejaculated because its funciton is to wash away the sperm thru the urethra
A. Testes
B. Epididymis
C. Prostate gland
D. Seminal vesicle
```
D
172
```
What stage 2 of labor is characterized by
A. Cervical dilatation
B. Effacement
C. Descent of fetus
D. Delivery of placenta
```
C
Effacement and cervical dilatation - stage 1
Delivery of placenta- stage 3
173
```
Enzyme that converts testosterone to estradiol
A. 17 B HSD
B. Aromatase
C. 5 alpha reductase
D. 21 hydroxylase
```
B
174
```
Phase I of parturition has _____ as the highest level of hormone
A. Progesterone
B. Estrogen
C. Prolactin
D. Oxytocin
```
B
Phase 0- progesterone
Phase 2 , 3- oxytocin
175
```
Basis of pregnancy testing
A. Estrogen
B. Progesterone
C. HCG
D. HPL
```
C
176
```
Most important source of sensory nerve signal for initiating male sexual act
A. Scrotum
B. Glans penis
C. Testes
D. Urethra
```
B
177
```
Secondary messenger used by GnRH
A. cAMP
B. cGMP
C. IP3
D. None, it uses a cytoplasmic receptor
```
C
178
```
Predominant form of estrogen found in menopaused women
A, estradiol
B. Estriol
C. Estrone
D. Androgen
```
C
179
```
If corpus Luteum involutes during 13-17th week of gestation, what structure will produce progesterone and estrogen to maintain pregnancy
A. Uterus
B. Placenta
C. Fallopian tube
D. Nothing
```
B
180
```
Enzyme that converts testosterone to DHT
A. 17 B HSD
B. Aromatase
C. 5 alpha reductase
D. 21 hydroxylase
```
C
| Found in males only
185
```
Before fertilization, the oocyte is in
A. Mitosis
B. Meiosis I
C. Meiosis II
D. G2 phase
```
C
| Arrested at metaphase III
195
```
Composition of semen. ______ from seminal vesicle, ____ from prostate gland, ________ from vas deferens
A. 10%, 30%, 60%
B. 30%,60 %, 10%
C. 60%, 30%, 10%
D. 30%, 10%, 60%
```
C
199
```
Which of the ff structures contains clotting factors
A. Vas deferens
B. Prostate gland
C. Seminal vesicle
D. Ejaculatory duct
```
B
