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GCSE AQA PE > (Physio) Health, Fitness And Well-being > Flashcards

(Physio) Health, Fitness And Well-being Flashcards

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1
Q

Somatotype

A

Classify according to physique.

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2
Q

Characteristics of an ectomorph:

A

Skinny and tall
Low % body fat.
Long arms/legs.
Rectangular.

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3
Q

Preferred sport for an ectomorph:

A

Long jump/ long distance running

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4
Q

Characteristics of a mesomorph

A

Broad shoulders
Narrow waist
High % muscle mass
Triangular

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5
Q

Preferred sport of mesomorph

A

Weightlifting
Swimming
Sprinting

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6
Q

Characteristics of an endomorph

A

Fat around thighs and waist
High % body fat and low % muscle mass
Pear shaped

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7
Q

Preferred sport of endomorph

A

Sumo wrestling, shot-put, rugby forward

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8
Q

Sedentary

A

A person’s lifestyle choice to have no/ irregular activity.

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9
Q

Consequences of a sedentary lifestyle:

A 
Obesity
Heart disease 
Diabetes
Depression
Joint pain
Inefficiency of lungs
Inability to make friends
Low muscle mass
Poor sleep patterns
Hypertension 
High BMI
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10
Q

Obesity

A

Having a BMI over 30 due to living a sedentary lifestyle and having an imbalance of calories.

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11
Q

Consequences of obesity

A

Injury
Stamina levels

Blood pressure increase
Attack of heart
Diabetes

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12
Q

How to work out BMI

A

Weight/height

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13
Q

BMI of underweight person

A

<20

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14
Q

Correct weight

A

20-25

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15
Q

Obese BMI

A

> 30

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16
Q

Why’s BMI unreliable?

A

Because it doesn’t take into account that muscle weighs more than fat.

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17
Q

PHYSICAL effects of living a sedentary lifestyle

A 
Joint pain (more likely to be injured)
Hypertension
Cancer
Heart problems
Diabetes
Cholesterol
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18
Q

Mental effects of living sedentary lifestyle / obesity

A

Lack of confidence

Depression

19
Q

Social effects of living a sedentary lifestyle/ being obese

A

Inability to socialise

Inability to leave home

20
Q

7 Food classes

A 
Carbohydrates 
Protein
Fibre
Water
Vitamins
minerals
Fat
21
Q

Carbohydrates function and 2 types

A

Provides body with energy. There’s simple and complex carbs.

22
Q

Simple carbohydrates

A

Easier to break down and so provide instant energy. Raises blood glucose levels as its put straight into blood stream.

23
Q

Complex carbohydrates

A

Feature chains of glucose that are harder to break down. Stored as glycogen in the muscles and liver.

24
Q

Vitamins

A

Prevent deficiencies / illness. Needed for staying calm and making decisions.

25
Q

Minerals

A

Needed for growth, development and overall health. Especially needed when training hard.

26
Q

Proteins

A

Build and repair muscle tissue. Needed when recovering from injury/ weightlifting.

27
Q

Water

A

Prevent dehydration and death, performs thermoregulation.

28
Q

Consequences of dehydration

A

Blood thickens, slowing blood flow.
Heart rate increase.
Body temp increase
Slower reaction times

29
Q

Hydration

A

The process of causing something to absorb water.

30
Q

Dehydration

A

Harmful reduction in amount of water in the body.

31
Q

Rehydration

A

Causing something to absorb water after dehydration.

32
Q

Fibre

A

Aids digestion

33
Q

Fat

A

Used as energy store (when carbs run out) that absorbs nutrients and maintains body temp. These saturated and unsaturated.

34
Q

Saturated fat

A

Alkanes and are saturated by hydrogen, can be broken down easier. Create cholesterol.

35
Q

Unsaturated fat

A

Alkenes which are harder to break down. High in antioxidants and good for cholesterol

36
Q

Percentage of diet

A

55-60% carbs
25-30%fat
15-20% protein

37
Q

Balanced diet

A

Equal amount of calories consumed to calories expended while providing it with correct nutrients, vitamins and minerals.

38
Q

Why do we need a balanced diet?

A

Imbalance of calories causes fat, leading to obesity.
Suitable amounts of energy should be consumed to be expended through activity.
Nutrients are necessary for growth, energy and hydration.

39
Q

BMR

A

Basal metabolic rate
Recommended daily intake of calories to maintain a healthy weight. This can differ depending on: age, gender, height, lifestyle, energy expenditure.

40
Q

Average Male and female BMR

A

Male 2500 kcal

Female 2000kcal

41
Q

What’s energy from food measured in

A

Kilojoules/kilocalories

42
Q

Health

A

A state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing, not merely in the absence of disease.

43
Q

Fitness

A

Ability to cope/ meet demands of the environment.

GCSE AQA PE (7 decks)

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