(Physio) Health, Fitness And Well-being

Question 1

Somatotype

Answer 1

Classify according to physique.

Question 2

Characteristics of an ectomorph:

Answer 2

Skinny and tall
Low % body fat.
Long arms/legs.
Rectangular.

Question 3

Preferred sport for an ectomorph:

Answer 3

Long jump/ long distance running

Question 4

Characteristics of a mesomorph

Answer 4

Broad shoulders
Narrow waist
High % muscle mass
Triangular

Question 5

Preferred sport of mesomorph

Answer 5

Weightlifting
Swimming
Sprinting

Question 6

Characteristics of an endomorph

Answer 6

Fat around thighs and waist
High % body fat and low % muscle mass
Pear shaped

Question 7

Preferred sport of endomorph

Answer 7

Sumo wrestling, shot-put, rugby forward

Question 8

Sedentary

Answer 8

A person’s lifestyle choice to have no/ irregular activity.

Question 9

Consequences of a sedentary lifestyle:

Answer 9

Obesity
Heart disease 
Diabetes
Depression
Joint pain
Inefficiency of lungs
Inability to make friends
Low muscle mass
Poor sleep patterns
Hypertension 
High BMI

Question 10

Obesity

Answer 10

Having a BMI over 30 due to living a sedentary lifestyle and having an imbalance of calories.

Question 11

Consequences of obesity

Answer 11

Injury
Stamina levels

Blood pressure increase
Attack of heart
Diabetes

Question 12

How to work out BMI

Answer 12

Weight/height

Question 13

BMI of underweight person

Answer 13

<20

Question 14

Correct weight

Answer 14

20-25

Question 15

Obese BMI

Answer 15

> 30

Question 16

Why’s BMI unreliable?

Answer 16

Because it doesn’t take into account that muscle weighs more than fat.

Question 17

PHYSICAL effects of living a sedentary lifestyle

Answer 17

Joint pain (more likely to be injured)
Hypertension
Cancer
Heart problems
Diabetes
Cholesterol

Question 18

Mental effects of living sedentary lifestyle / obesity

Answer 18

Lack of confidence

Depression

Question 19

Social effects of living a sedentary lifestyle/ being obese

Answer 19

Inability to socialise

Inability to leave home

Question 20

7 Food classes

Answer 20

Carbohydrates 
Protein
Fibre
Water
Vitamins
minerals
Fat

Question 21

Carbohydrates function and 2 types

Answer 21

Provides body with energy. There’s simple and complex carbs.

Question 22

Simple carbohydrates

Answer 22

Easier to break down and so provide instant energy. Raises blood glucose levels as its put straight into blood stream.

Question 23

Complex carbohydrates

Answer 23

Feature chains of glucose that are harder to break down. Stored as glycogen in the muscles and liver.

Question 24

Vitamins

Answer 24

Prevent deficiencies / illness. Needed for staying calm and making decisions.

Question 25

Minerals

Answer 25

Needed for growth, development and overall health. Especially needed when training hard.

Question 26

Proteins

Answer 26

Build and repair muscle tissue. Needed when recovering from injury/ weightlifting.

Question 27

Water

Answer 27

Prevent dehydration and death, performs thermoregulation.

Question 28

Consequences of dehydration

Answer 28

Blood thickens, slowing blood flow. Heart rate increase. Body temp increase Slower reaction times

Question 29

Hydration

Answer 29

The process of causing something to absorb water.

Question 30

Dehydration

Answer 30

Harmful reduction in amount of water in the body.

Question 31

Rehydration

Answer 31

Causing something to absorb water after dehydration.

Question 32

Fibre

Answer 32

Aids digestion

Question 33

Fat

Answer 33

Used as energy store (when carbs run out) that absorbs nutrients and maintains body temp. These saturated and unsaturated.

Question 34

Saturated fat

Answer 34

Alkanes and are saturated by hydrogen, can be broken down easier. Create cholesterol.

Question 35

Unsaturated fat

Answer 35

Alkenes which are harder to break down. High in antioxidants and good for cholesterol

Question 36

Percentage of diet

Answer 36

55-60% carbs 25-30%fat 15-20% protein

Question 37

Balanced diet

Answer 37

Equal amount of calories consumed to calories expended while providing it with correct nutrients, vitamins and minerals.

Question 38

Why do we need a balanced diet?

Answer 38

Imbalance of calories causes fat, leading to obesity. Suitable amounts of energy should be consumed to be expended through activity. Nutrients are necessary for growth, energy and hydration.

Question 39

BMR

Answer 39

Basal metabolic rate Recommended daily intake of calories to maintain a healthy weight. This can differ depending on: age, gender, height, lifestyle, energy expenditure.

Question 40

Average Male and female BMR

Answer 40

Male 2500 kcal | Female 2000kcal

Question 41

What’s energy from food measured in

Answer 41

Kilojoules/kilocalories

Question 42

Health

Answer 42

A state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing, not merely in the absence of disease.

Question 43

Fitness

Answer 43

Ability to cope/ meet demands of the environment.