Physio final lecture 1-3 Flashcards
_______ % total resting oxygen used by brain
20%
_______________% of total blood flow goes to the brain
15-20%
___________% of glucose metabolism used by brain
60%
energy division of brain use
~25% maintaining neurons and glial cells
~75% electrical signaling across the brains circuits
planned and purposeful neuronal cell death; removal of damaged or unneeded neurons
apoptosis
unplanned and uncontrolled neuronal cell death
necrosis
a natural process that occurs in the brain when the brain eliminates extra synapses
synaptic pruning
the structures in the brain that allow the neurons to transmit an electrical or chemical signal to another neuron
synpases
pruning = ….
efficiency
schizophrenia is correlated with …
low synapses (high pruning)
Autism is correlated with …
high synapses (low pruning)
Frontal lobe fx
executive fx (emotion regulation, planning, reasoning, inhibitory control)
personality
dominant hemisphere = social conduct
*phineas Gage
Prefrontal cortex
seat of planning and strategizing
ventromedial PFC
empathy, guilt
parietal lobe
integrating sensory info including…
touch
temp
pressure
pain
Occipital lobe
visual processing (depth distance location)
contains the primary visual cortex
temporal lobe
processing sensory information particularly important for hearing, recognizing language and forming memories
contains the primary auditory cortex
basal ganglia
part of the limbic system
controls: motor control, motor learning, executive functioning and behaviors, and emotions
substantia Nigra
produces dopamine (high concentration in the basal ganglia)
dopamine modulate the BGs fxing
dopamine dysfunction
movement disorders such as Parkinson’s, dystonia, chorea and tics
suppression of motor function =
decreased purposeful movement
limbic system
emotions, motivation, learning, memory