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Science Year 9 > Physics- Waves > Flashcards

Physics- Waves Flashcards

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1
Q

What is amplitude?

A

The maximum height of a wave measured from the zero line

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2
Q

What is the “normal line”?

A

A line perpendicular to the boundary between 2 mediums

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3
Q

Define what a wave is

A

A way to transfer energy without transferring matter

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4
Q

What is the pitch and volume?

A

The pitch is how high or low a sound is and the volume is how loud or soft a sound is.

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5
Q

What are some everyday uses for a concave mirror?

A

A makeup/shaving mirror, car headlights.

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6
Q

What are some everyday uses for a convex mirror?

A

They are used in sunglasses, and for shops and buildings to see around the corner.

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7
Q

What are transverse waves?

A

Transverse waves are waves that travel up and down (perpendicular) to the direction they’re travelling.

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8
Q

What type of waves are transverse waves?

A

Light waves.

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9
Q

What are longitudinal waves?

A

Longitudinal waves are waves that travel parallel to the direction of the vibrations.

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10
Q

What type of waves are longitudinal waves

A

Sound waves.

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11
Q

What is frequency measured in?

A

Hertz (Hz)

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12
Q

What is frequency?

A

Frequency is the number of complete waves generated per second.

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13
Q

What is the difference between light sources and light reflectors?

A

Light sources (such as the sun, a torch etc) emit light while light reflectors (such as a mirror) reflect the light.

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14
Q

What does the iris do?

A

The iris regulates the amount of light that enters the eye. It forms the coloured visible part of the eye in front of the lens.

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15
Q

What does the pupil do?

A

The pupil is the circular opening in the centre of the iris through which light passes into the lens of the eye. The iris controls the widening and narrowing of the pupil.

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16
Q

What does the cornea do?

A

The cornea protects the outer surface of the eye. It is transparent to let light through and tough to protect the inner parts of the eye.

17
Q

What does the lens do?

A

The lens focuses the light onto the retina.

18
Q

What does the retina do?

A

The retina lines the interior of the eye. It is composed of rods and cones.

19
Q

What does the optic nerve do?

A

The optic nerve transmits the light rays to the brain.

20
Q

What is the vitreous humour?

A

The vitreous humour is the clear jelly-like solution between the lens and the retina.

21
Q

How does sound travel through matter?

A

The sound waves travel through matter by vibrating the molecules in the matter.

22
Q

What is the law of reflection

A

The law of reflection states that the angle of incident is equal to the angle of reflection.

23
Q

What does a CONVEX mirror do to the original image.

A

A convex mirror diminishes the image (makes it smaller), and keeps the image virtual and upright.

24
Q

What does a CONCAVE mirror do the the image?

A

If an object sits outside the mirrors focal point then it’s image is always enlarged and inverted.
If an object sits inside the mirrors focal point, the image is always upright and enlarged as well as being virtual.

25
Q

How many rods and cones does the retina have?

A

The retina contains 100 million rods and 7 million cones.

26
Q

What do rods and cones do?

A

Rods are necessary for seeing in dim light, and cones for bright light and colour.

27
Q

What is refraction?

A

The bending of light rays as they pass from one medium to another medium.

28
Q

What are the primary colours of light?

A

Red, blue and green

29
Q

What is wavelength?

A

The length from crest to crest or trough to trough.

30
Q

What is sound?

A

A type of energy you can hear that travels as a transverse wave.

31
Q

Why can sound not travel in a vacuum?

A

This is because there are no particles to pass on the vibration.

32
Q

What is the difference between a dilute, concentrated and saturated solution.

A

A dilute solution is solvent with a little solute dissolved in it. A concentrated solution is solvent with lots of solute dissolved in it, and a saturated solution is a solution that cannot dissolve any more solute.

33
Q

Define what evaporation is

A

Evaporation is a separation technique to separate a soluble solid from a solution (a dissolved solid from a liquid)

34
Q

Define what chromatography is

A

Chromatography is a separation technique used to separate soluble particles based on their size (two liquids with different colours)

35
Q

Define what distillation is

A

Distillation is a separation technique used to separate two liquids based on their boiling points (a liquid from a dissolved solid)

36
Q

Define what filtering/filtration is

A

Filtering/filtration is a separation technique used to separate an insoluble solid from a liquid (a non-dissolved solid and a liquid)

Science Year 9 (7 decks)

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