Physics Review Section 1 Flashcards
Atoms are made of :
Protons/Neutrons/Electrons
Protons Size
1.67 X 10^-27 kg
Neutrons Size
1.67 X 10^-27 kg
Electrons Size
9.1 X 10^-31kg
The nucleus is ___fermi’s in radius ?
1-7 fermi’s
A fermi(fm)=
10x^-15
The electron cloud is approximately :
1-3 Angstrom
An angstrom is equal to :
10^-8 cm
Protons Charge
+ 1.6 X 10^-19 coulombs
Electrons charge
-1.6 X 10^-19 coulombs
Neutrons charge
None
If charges are the same they will :
Repel each other
If charges are the opposite they:
Attract each other
How do you get an ion?
Under certain circumstances this atom might lose an electron or the nucleus might capture an electron. Any atom with a net( off balance) is an ion
Atom with 2 protons and 1 electron equals a off balance charge (more positive) which makes this an:
Ion
What is an element?
Atoms with a particular number of protons are called an element.
Molecules are.
Elements that combine to form a new element
How atoms are put together determines :
What they make up
Atomic number is
Protons
Electrons are held in place by energy the energy is in electron ____?
volts
An ________ volt is the amount of energy acquired by an electron as it accelerates by 1 volt in potential difference.
Electron
As shells increase the amount of energy that holds an electron to its shell ____
Decreases
The amount of energy that it takes to knock an electron out its shell
Binding Energy
Each element has its own ____
Binding energy
As the ____ of the element increase the binding energy increases
Atomic #
Electrons like to stay in the _____ possible shell until it fills up
Lowest
If binding energy is exceeded on an e- it can leave its
Shell
When electrons leave the atom they can do two things _______
Ionization or Excitation
Ionization is when
A atom completely leaves the atom and is positively charged ion
Excitation
Is when a electron moves to a higher shell
We can distinguish different types of ______or elements by their Z#
Atoms
We can distinguish different types of nuclei by their _______&_____
Z# and A#
Elements with a low #Z will require a ______ratio to be stable
1:1
Elements with a low #Z will require a ______ratio to be stable
1:1
As the Z# increases the ratio ___
Increases
What is a radioactive chain is 99Mo decay
99Mo——99mTc—-99Tc—-99Ru
