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I & M > Physics Midterm > Flashcards

Physics Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Boyle’s Law

A

P1V1 = P2V2

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2
Q

Charles’ (Gay Lussac) Law

A

(V1/T1) = V2/T2

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3
Q

Don’s Law (3rd Gas Law)

A

P1/T1 = P2/T2

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4
Q

Ideal Gas Law

A

PV = nRT

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5
Q

STP (standard temp & pressure)

A

T = 273 K , 0* C
P = 760 mm Hg

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6
Q

RTP (room temp & pressure)

A

T = 293 K , 20* C
P = 760 mm Hg

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7
Q

BTP (body temp & pressure)

A

T = 310 K , 37* C
P= 760 mm Hg

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8
Q

Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressure

A

P(total) = P1 + P2

Therefore, (V(total) / P(total)) = v1/p1 = v2/p2
so, V2/V1 = P2/P1 (or the ratio of partial pressures of volume and partial volume is equal to ratio of total volume and pressure)

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9
Q

Dalton’s Law Example
20.93 kPa O2 + 79.07 kPa N2

A

100 kPa total

(20.93 % O2 and 79.07% N2)

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10
Q

Amount of O2 L in E cylinder

A

660 L

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11
Q

PSIg of E cylinder of O2

A

1900-2000 psi(G)

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12
Q

Amount of N2O L in E cylinder

A

1600 L

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13
Q

PSIg of E cylinder of N2O

A

745 psig

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14
Q

van der Waals forces?

A

(p + (n^2 x a) / V^2) ) (V - nb) = nRT

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15
Q

Water vapor pressure at BTP (37* C)

A

47 mm Hg
6.3 kPa

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16
Q

Avogadro’s Number

A

1 mol = 6.02214 x 10^23 molecules

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17
Q

1 mol at STP

A

22.4 L

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18
Q

1 mol at RTP

A

24.0 L

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19
Q

1 mol at BTP

A

25.4 L

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20
Q

Alveolar Oxygen Equation R Value

A

0.8

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21
Q

Partial pressure of O2 in lungs at room air

A

Pa O2 = 100 mm Hg

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22
Q

Partial pressure of O2 in lungs on 50% O2

A

Pa O2 = 300 mm Hg

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23
Q

Partial pressure of O2 in lungs on 100% O2

A

Pa O2 = 660 mm Hg

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24
Q

V-Q Mismatch in most patients

A

10%

(10-20%)

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25
Q

Common Pressure Units

A

1 bar = 1 atm = 14.7 psi = 101.33 kPa = 760 mm Hg

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26
Q

Critical Temperature

A

Temperature above which liquidification cannot occur however much much pressure is applied

(maximum temp at which liquid can be found)

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27
Q

Critical Pressure

A

Pressure (vapor pressure) at the critical temperature point

28
Q

Isotherm

A

Contains same values of p & v given at same temperature

29
Q

Critical temp of N2O

A

36.5* C

30
Q

A substance that is above its critical temperature at RTP (O2, N2)

A

A gas

31
Q

A substance in a gas like state but below its critical temperature at RTP (N2O, CO2, Sevo)

A

A vapor

32
Q

How much does 1 L of H2O weigh

A

1 kg

33
Q

Filling ratio in US

A

0.68

34
Q

Temperature properties

A
  1. ) Volume expansion
  2. ) Conductivity / Resistivity
  3. ) Emisivity (electromagnetivity)
  4. ) Index of refraction
35
Q

Which type of temperature measuring device uses the “Seebeck effect”

A

Thermocouple

36
Q

Average temperature under 1 MAC anesthesia

A

35.5*C

37
Q

Critical low temp for patient

A

34* C

38
Q

What are contributions to heat loss?

A

Radiation 40%

Convection 30%
Evaporation 20%
Respiration 10% (8% evaporation of water and 2% heating of air)

39
Q

Define temperature

A

Temperature is a measurement of the average kinetic energy of the substance being measured

40
Q

How is heat energy transferred?

A

Always transferred from an area of higher temp to an area of lower temp

41
Q

What is the amount of energy in calories to raise the temp of one gram of a substance by one *C

A

Specific Heat

42
Q

How many heat calories is required to liquify ice to water?

A

100 calories

43
Q

How many heat calories is required to turn liquid into steam?

A

540 calories

44
Q

Formula for F and C

A

F = (9/5)C + 32

45
Q

How is heat energy transferred?

A

Conduction, Convection, Radiation

46
Q

What is primary mode of heat transfer in solids?

A

Conduction

47
Q

What is principal method of heat transfer in liquids and gases?

A

Convection

48
Q

How does radiation transfer heat energy?

A

By electromagnetic waves of thermal energy

49
Q

Stephon - Boltsman Law

A

E = e(sigma) (T1^4 - T2^4)

(difference between 4th power of each temperature)

50
Q

What is the principle way of convecting heat to the patients?

A

Bairhugger

51
Q

Shape of a dose response curve?

A

Sigmoidal

52
Q

Wash in curve?

A

Build up exponential (1-e^x)

53
Q

Growth curve?

A

Positive exponential (e^x)

54
Q

Normal distribution curve?

A

Population response curve (bell curve)

55
Q

Law that describes the balance of forces within / on a sphere?

A

Leplace’s Law

P = 2T / R

56
Q

Laminar flow equation?

A

Hagen-Poiseuille equation

Q = π P r^4 / 8nl

57
Q

The Fanning equation describes what?

Q^2 = K P 4π^2 r^5 / pl

A

Turbulent flow

58
Q

Reynolds number for laminar flow?

A

NR < 2000

59
Q

Reynolds number for turbulent flow?

A

NR > 2000

60
Q

What is the Continuity Equation?

A

v1 x a1 = v2 x a2

61
Q

Change in P = Q x R

A

Measurement of flow resistance

62
Q

What is Ohm’s Law?

A

V = I x R

63
Q

Law that describes the energy of a fluid?

A

Bernoulli’s Equation

E = P + þgh + 1/2 pv^2

64
Q

Law that relates to the action of surfactant?

A

Leplace’s Law

65
Q

(p + (n^2 x a) / V^2) ) (V - nb) = nRT

A

van der Waals forces

I & M (37 decks)

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