Key Terms: Exam 1 Flashcards
What is the “r” in rSO2 Stand for?
Tissue or regional
What is the percent variation for an ideal repeatability range for successful calculations from thermal dilution cardiac output determinations?
Repeatability = 5% Accuracy = 15 - 25%
What is the optimum temperature difference between the indicator and the patient’s blood for thermal dilution cardiac output determinations
Greater than 10° C
What technique is used to detect a vascular air embolism?
Doppler
How is Cardiac output estimated using patient movement
Balistocardiography (BCG)
What technique is used to estimate cardiac output using an arterial pressure waveform
Pulse Contour
The abductor pollicis is innervated by Which Nerve
Ulnar nerve
What is the formula for cardiac index
CI = CO/BSA
What is the formula for O2 consumption
VO2 = (kg^0.75)(10)
Note: average person ~ 250 mL/min
How is noninvasive cardiac output (NICO) determined
It’s based on rebreathing of CO2
Which technique would be used to take blood flow in ascending aorta
Transthoracic Doppler (ultrasound) —Probe placed at Suprasternal position
Which oxygen analysis devices has a life span inversely proportional to the O2 concentration to which it is exposed
Fuel-cell
Where are the thermistors located in the thermal dilution cardiac output
One at the point of injection
second one at the distal end of the catheter (3 cm from tip)
Where should the injectate enter into the patient’s bloodstream in the thermal dilution Cardiac output
The right atrium
If you have disappearance of the 3rd of the Train of four application, what percent is blocked
85%, this means that you have two twitches left
0 = 95-100% blocked,
2 twitches = 85% blocked,
3 twitches = 80% blocked,
4 twitches = 75 to 80% blocked
Stimulating of the P6 point is thought to produce what effect
This is an acupuncture point at the wrist – has an antiemetic effect
How many 1 Hz Post tetanic twitches would correspond to the return of 1 Twitch that you get with the TOF
10
Which gas analysis technique detects by polyatomic asymmetric Molecules
Infrared (I R) spectroscopy
What happens if you use an erroneously small volume of injectate to determine cardiac output when using thermal dilution
Too little volume = abnormally high cardiac out
What is the primary side of action for depolarizing muscle blocking agent
Motor end plate
What are the expected ET
CO2 - Pa CO2 gradients
Normal = 0 - 7 mmHg
Slightly abnormal = 7 -10 mmHg
Moderately abnormal = 10 – 13 mmHg
Markedly abnormal = > 13 mmHg
Name a few drugs that antagonize in NMB agents
Neostigmine, phenytoin, Carbamazepine, theophylline, ranitidine(Zantac), calcium
Why do you place the sampling line of the gas analyzer closer to the circuit elbow adapter
To avoid fresh gas Dilution
What is in the denominator of the Stewart Hamilton cardiac output Equation
Q =[ Vi(Tb - Ti)(K1)(K2)] / [(Tb)(t)(dt)]
What is the recommended maximum thermal dilution injectate volume in ml?
10 ml
What physical property is determined by the gated transtracheal Doppler
Gated = Diameter
Continuous = velocity
Both are looking at the pulmonary artery
What type of cardiac output determination is lithium dilution cardiac output (LiDCO)
Indicator Dilution
What is the common Maximum sample rate, in L/min , for diverting gas analysis system
250 ml/min
The infrared analyzer cannot detect which gases
Symmetrical gases which include 02, helium, nitrogen
Conditions that do affect the accuracy of Swan-Ganz cardiac output determinants
Intracardiac shunt
tricuspid and pulmonic regurgitation
respiratory cycle
PA blood temperature variations
