physics exam Flashcards
sig fig rules
- all none zero digits in a measurement are significant
- zeroes that come after the decimal and after a none zero digit are significant
- leading zeroes are not significant
- trailing zeroes with no decimals are assumed to not be significant
2 large categories of motion
- constant velocity
- acceleration
position
the direction or place of an object
distance
How much ground an object has covered during its motion
displacement
a vector quantity which refers to how far out of place an object is
speed
how far an objects moved in a certain amount of time
velocity
movement
acceleration
increase in the rate/speed of something
Kinetic energy
Energy an object possesses because of its motion
Potential energy
Energy of position
Inertia
Ability of an object to resist change in motion
Momentum
The product of mass and velocity
Force
A push or pull
3 safety features in vehicles using newtons law
Airbags, crumple zones, seat belts
Airbags
When a collision occurs, they extend time which slows down the force experienced by the passenger
Seat beats
Keep the passengers travelling at the same speed as the car which keeps them from being thrown due to inertia
Crumple zones
Engineers designed cars to crumple, absorbing kinetic energy as distribution of force over time is applied
Impulse
The product of force and time
Newtons 3 laws
- objects will remain at rest or in a straight line uniform unless acted upon an unbalanced force
- acceleration is directly proportional to force and inversely proportional to mass
- for every action there is an equal and balanced reaction
Rules for adding and subtracting
Your calculated value should have the same precision as your least precise measurement
Rules for multiplying and dividing
Your calculated value answer should have the same number of sigfigs as the least sigfigs in your measurement
