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chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

what is the pH of acids?

A

less than 7

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2
Q

what is the pH of alkalis?

A

more than 7

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3
Q

What has a pH equal to 7?

A

pure water & neutral solution

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4
Q

what HAPPENS in a neutralizing reaction?

A

the pH of the acid moves up towards 7. If an alkali is being used as the neutraliser its pH moves down towards 7.

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5
Q

what is an EXAMPLE of neutralisation?

A

The reaction of hydrogen ions H+ (aq) to form water

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6
Q

what IS a neutralisation reaction?

A

is the reaction of an acid with neutralisers such as alkalis, carbonates and metal oxides, which produces water and a salt.

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7
Q

What happens to the pH of an ACID as it is neutralised?

A

The pH of an acid increases towards 7 in a neutralisation reaction.

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8
Q

What happens to the pH of an ALKALI as it is neutralised?

A

The pH of an alkali decreases towards 7 in a neutralisation reaction.

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9
Q

alkali + acid →

A

salt + water

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10
Q

metal oxide + acid →

A

salt + water

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11
Q

metal carbonate + acid →

A

salt + water + carbon dioxide

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12
Q

hydrochloric →

A

chloride

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13
Q

sulpheric →

A

sulphate

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14
Q

nitric →

A

nitrate

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15
Q

hydrochloric acid →

A

HCl

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16
Q

nitric acid →

A

HNO3

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17
Q

sulfuric acid →

A

H2 SO4

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18
Q

phosphoric acid →

A

H3 PO4

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19
Q

carnonic acid →

A

H2 CO3

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20
Q

acetic acid →

A

HC2 H3 O2

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21
Q

catalyst

A

increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed by reaction

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22
Q

exothermic

A

reaction that releases heat

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23
Q

endothermic

A

absorbs heat

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24
Q

precipitate

A

a solid formed from 2 solution

25
Q

solution

A

being dissolved

26
Q

solute

A

a dissovled substance

27
Q

insoluble

A

cannot be dissolved

28
Q

aqueous

A

dissolved in water

29
Q

reactant

A

starting material in a chemical reaction

30
Q

product

A

substance produced in a chemical reaction

31
Q

penta

32
Q

hexa

33
Q

hepta

34
Q

octa

35
Q

nona

36
Q

deca

37
Q

when an acid is dissovled in water we get a …

A

acidic solution

38
Q

when a base is dissolved in water we get an…

A

alkaline and a alkaline solution

39
Q

indicators

A

substances that change color when added to alkaline or acidic solutions

40
Q

red & blue litmus is ____ in a ACIDIC solution

41
Q

red litmus paper is ____ in a NEUTRAL solution

42
Q

blue litmus paper is ______ in a NEUTRAL solution

43
Q

red litmus paper is _______ in a ALKALINE solution

44
Q

blue litmus paper is ______ in a ALKALINE solution

45
Q

testing for gases O2

A

a glowing solint will reigninte in the presence of oxygen

46
Q

testing for gases H2

A

an immediate combustion takes place that you can hear

47
Q

testing for gases CO2

A

a lit splint will be extinguished

48
Q

sodium hydroxide - base

49
Q

magnesium hydroxide - base

50
Q

calcium hydroxide - base

51
Q

ammonia

52
Q

sodium bicarbonate

53
Q

when an acid is neutralized it forms a…

54
Q

what do pH scales do?

A

used to measure acidity and alkalinity

55
Q

when acids are dissolved in water they form…

A

hydrogen ions

56
Q

when alkalines are dissolved in water they form…

A

hydroxide ions

57
Q

the closer to pH 0 you go, the more _____

A

acidic a solution is

58
Q

the closer to pH 14 you go, the more _______

A

alkaline a solution is

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