Ecology Exam

Question 1

Ecology

Answer 1

The study of how organisms interact with their environment and each other

Question 2

Environment

Answer 2

Anything and everything in an organism surroundings

Question 3

Abiotic

Answer 3

The part of the environment that was never living

Question 4

Biotic

Answer 4

Part of an environment that is living or once was living

Question 5

Producer

Answer 5

(AKA Autograph) Organisms capable of making their own food from water, light, air

Question 6

Consumer

Answer 6

(AKA heterotroph)

- organisms that must eat other organisms for food

Question 7

Herbivore

Answer 7

An organism that only eats fresh plants as 90% or more of its diet

Question 8

Carnivore

Answer 8

An organism that eats fresh meat as 90% of its diet

Question 9

Omnivore

Answer 9

Organisms that eats a mixture of plants and animal materials

Question 10

Detritus

Answer 10

Waste from plants and animals, including dead remains

Question 11

Scavenger

Answer 11

Organisms that feed on the bodies of smaller dead animals

Question 12

Decomposers

Answer 12

Organisms that break down organic matter at the cellular level.

Question 13

community

Answer 13

all organisms that interact with an ecosystem

Question 14

species

Answer 14

all organisms within an ecosystem that have the same structure and can reproduce with each other

Question 15

population

Answer 15

refers to all of the members of a certain species within and ecosystem

Question 16

Examples of abiotic

Answer 16

soil, water,

Question 17

examples of biotic

Answer 17

fungi, bugs, plants

Question 18

commensalism

Answer 18

one specie benefits, one is not affected

eg.) barnacles on a whale

Question 19

mutualism

Answer 19

both species benefits

eg.) bee gathering nectar from a plant

Question 20

parasitism

Answer 20

one specie benefits the other is harmed

eg.) hookworm living on a dog

Question 21

biodiversity

Answer 21

the variety and number of different individuals and species in an ecosystem

Question 22

What is the tropic level of tertiary consumers?

Answer 22

The 4th level

Question 23

Food chain

Answer 23

The transfer of energy through single stations

Question 24

Food web

Answer 24

2 or more food chains interconnected

Question 25

Open ecosystem

Answer 25

Is influence by biotic and abiotic factors outside one ecosystem

Question 26

Closed ecosystem

Answer 26

Has no influence outside of its environment

Question 27

Biogeochemical

Answer 27

The flow of chemical elements between living things and the environment

Question 28

Carbon cycle

Answer 28

• one of the biogeochemical cycles

- the movement of carbon between the biosphere, atmosphere, oceans and geosphere

Question 29

Nitrogen cycle

Answer 29

• biogeochemical cycle

- the movement of nitrogen from the air and soil to the living things and back

Question 30

Bio accumulation

Answer 30

The build up of chemicals in living organisms

Question 31

Eg of autotroph

Answer 31

Seeds, grass, leaves

Question 32

Eg primary consumer

Answer 32

Grasshopper, vole

Question 33

Eg tertiary consumer

Answer 33

Carnivores

Weasel, hawk, bobcat

Question 34

Biomagnification

Answer 34

The process where chemicals accumulate and become more concentrated

Question 35

Trophic level

Answer 35

Place where organisms eat

Question 36

1st Trophic level

Answer 36

Producers that feed themselves

Question 37

2nd trophic level

Answer 37

Herbivores that eat producers

Question 38

3rd trophic level

Answer 38

Carnivores that eat herbivores

Question 39

4th trophic level

Answer 39

Carnivores that eat other carnivores

Question 40

5th trophic level

Answer 40

Decomposers