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MCAT EK Review > Physics > Flashcards

Physics Flashcards

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MCAT flashcards
1
Q

Newton’s 1st Law of motion (law of inertia)

A

-object at rest or in a state of motion will tend to remain in that state unless acted upon by a net force

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2
Q

Newton’s 2nd law of motion

A
  • when a net force acts on object, the change in object’s state of motion will be inversely proportional to mass of object and directly proportional to net force acting on object
  • F=ma
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3
Q

Newton’s 3rd law of motion

A

for every action, there exists an equal and opposite reaction

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4
Q

(T/F) Surface area is directionally proportional to air resistance

A

true

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5
Q

When an object is floating (masses/volumes) are equal. When an object is fully submerged, (masses/volumes) are equal.

A
  • float=mass

- submerged=volume

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6
Q

Venturi effect

A

reduction in fluid pressure when fluid flows through a constricted section

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7
Q

cohesive forces

A

IMF responsible for surface tension

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8
Q

adhesive forces

A

forces between molecules of tube and fluid molecules

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9
Q

Cohesive forces form (concave/convex) surfaces and adhesive forces form (concave/convex) surfaces

A

cohesive-convex

adhesive-concave

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10
Q

Which direction to electrons and current flow?

A

electrons-anode to cathode

current-cathode to anode

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11
Q

inertia

A

resistance to motion

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12
Q

Poiseuille’s Law

A
  • Flow = ΔPπr4 / 8Lη

- flow rate is directly proportional to radius to the fourth power

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13
Q

What affect do surface area and temperature have on surface tension?

A

they both cause surface tension to decrease

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14
Q

positron emission (beta positive decay)

A

proton converted into neutron while emitting a positron

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15
Q

beta minus decay

A

convert neutron into proton while emitting an electron

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16
Q

(T/F) conductivity and resistivity are inverse of each other

A

true

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17
Q

myopia vs hyperopia

A
  • myopia- diverging lens

- hyperopia-converging lens

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18
Q

Archimedes principle

A

buoyant force on an object submerged in a fluid is equal to the weight of the fluid that is displaced by that object

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19
Q

wavelength of visible light range

A

between about 400 to 750 nm (red is highest and violet is lowest: ROYGBIV)

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20
Q

mechanical work by elastic force equation

A

W= Fx/2

21
Q

equation for power

A

P= W/t
P= Fv
P=IV

22
Q

How does an atom become radioactive?

A

remove/add neutron to the nucleus

23
Q

fundamental frequency equation for string fixed at both ends

A

f = v/(2L)

24
Q

Convex lens always has (positive/negative) focal length and Concave lens always has (positive/negative) focal length.

A

Convex-positive

Concave-negative

25
Q

(T/F) Temperature and resistance are directly related

A

true

26
Q

virtual, reduced, and upright images are what type of lense?

A

divergent (always negative focal length)

27
Q

total internal reflection

A

When light ray begins at higher-index material and reaches a boundary with a lower-index one

28
Q

torque

A

force that causes objects to turn or rotate; farther the force is applied from the axis of rotation, the greater the angular acceleration

29
Q

If bouyant force > objects weight

A

the object will rise to the surface and float

30
Q

Poiseuille’s law for resistance

A
  • R = 8ηl/πr4
  • flow rate directly proportional to vessel radius and pressure difference
  • flow rate inversely proportional to viscosity and vessel radius
31
Q

Speed (increases/decreases) when cross-sectional area decreases

A

increases

32
Q

ideal gas

A

high temperature and low pressure

33
Q

(T/F) Continuity equation indicates that velocity is inversely proportional to the square of the diameter

A

True

34
Q

(T/F) Electric field lines originate on positive charges and terminate on negative charges

A

True

35
Q

Terminal voltage

A

V = E – Ir

36
Q

conductor

A

Free electrons in the conductor arrange themselves on the surface so that the electric field they produce inside the conductor exactly cancels any external electric field

37
Q

(T/F) Electric force F acts parallel to the electric field E.

A

True

38
Q

Right hand rule

A

The thumb points in the direction of the motion of charge, while the fingers follow the magnetic field lines. The palm faces the direction of the magnetic force.

39
Q

concave mirror

A

converging real, inverted image in front of the mirror

40
Q

convex mirror

A

diverging virtual, upright image behind the mirror

41
Q

effect of dielectrics

A

reduce electric field- voltage decrease and capacitance increase

42
Q

capacitance relation to area and distance

A

directly proportional to area and inversely to distance

43
Q

resistors in series have constant (voltage/current) and resistors in parallel have constant (voltage/current)

A

series-current

parallel-voltage

44
Q

Frequency shift (+/-) when source velocity is negative and then positive

A 
negative velocity (moving towards)= + frequency shift
positive velocity (moving away)=  - frequency shift
45
Q

state functions vs process function

A

state-describe equilibrium state of a system

process-describes path taken by system to go from one equilibrium state to another

46
Q

thermal conductivity

A
  • higher thermal conductivity (heat transfer more rapid)

- ex: higher for a tile than carpet

47
Q

Destructive interference occurs at which phase degree?

A

180

48
Q

direction magnetic force acts on a moving charge

A

perpendicular to both the velocity of the charge and the direction of the magnetic field

MCAT EK Review (5 decks)

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