Physics Flashcards
- It is the natural science that studies matter, its motion and behavior through space and time, and that studies the related entities of energy and force.
- It is one of the most fundamental scientific disciplines, and its main goal is to understand how the universe behaves.
Physics
3 Basic Elements while the universe is being formed
Solid, Liquid, Gas
The Study of Motion
Mechanics
The Study of Light
Optics
It is the resistance of the object to any change in its motion, including a change in direction. An object will stay still or keep moving at the same speed and in a straight line, unless it is acted upon by an external unbalanced force.
Inertia
Formula for Force
Force = mass x acceleration (F = ma)
The ability to do work.
Energy
Unit of time
s (seconds)
- It is any interaction that, when unopposed, will change the motion of an object. It can cause an object with mass to change its velocity, i.e., to accelerate.
- It can also be described intuitively as a push or a pull.
Force
The degree of hotness or coldness of a body or an environment.
Temperature
The Study of Charges
Electronics
Formula for Speed
s = d/t (distance over time)
It is the main branch of science.
Physics
The Study of Fire.
Heat
It deals with the combination of matter and energy.
Physics
It is a state of matter of a dilute gas of low densities called bosons cooled to temperatures very close to absolute zero.
Bose-Einstein condensates
7 States of Matter
- Solid
- Liquid
- Gas
- Plasma
- Bose-Einstein condensates
- Quark-gluon plasma
- Degenerate matter
It is the state of matter with the highest energy level. It is basically the building blocks of matter existing in a soup resembling conditions just after the Universe was created.
Quark-gluon plasma
It is the highly compressed state of matter which often exists in the cores of massive stars. The core’s gas is super compressed and the primary source of pressure is no longer thermal, but quantum.
Degenerate matter
He developed the Laws of Motion, Laws of Gravitation, Calculus, etc.
Isaac Newton
2 Main Parts of Physics
Classical Physics and Modern Physics
11 Branches of Physics
- Classical Physics
- Modern Physics
- Nuclear Physics
- Atomic Physics
- Geophysics
- Biophysics
- Mechanics
- Acoustics
- Optics
- Thermodynamics
- Astrophysics
The description of magnets, electricity, or more generally, electric and magnetic fields.
Electromagnetism
It covers the properties and motion of solid objects, how they move when force hits them, what happens when they join together (ex. gears, buildings, bridges).
Classical Mechanics
The description of the flow of liquids and gasses.
Fluid Mechanics
The description of large complex systems and how small differences in initial conditions can lead to very different final outcomes.
Chaos Theory
The description of energy and how it passes from one form to another.
Thermodynamics
Measure of order and disorder.
Entropy
The fundamental property to physics.
Energy
The assignment of a numerical value to an object’s physical property
Measurement
Standardized amounts of various physical quantities.
Units of Measure
Mathematical Label for Mass
m
Mathematical Label for Length
x
Mathematical Label for Temperature
T
Mathematical Label for Time
t
Base SI Unit/Measure for Mass
Kilogram (kg)
Base SI Unit/Measure for Length
Meter (m)
Base SI Unit/Measure for Temperature
Kelvin (K)
Base SI Unit/Measure for Time
Second (s)
Label for Density
ρ
Label for Area
A
Label for Volume
V
Label for Velocity
v
Label for Acceleration
a
Label for Force
F
Pressure
P
Formula for Area
x²
Formula for Volume
x³
Formula for Density
m/V (mass/volume)
Formula for Velocity
x/t (length/time)
Formula for Acceleration
x/t² (length/time)
Formula for Force
m*a (mass x acceleration)
Formula for Pressure
F/A (Force/Area)
Derived SI Unit for Area
Meters squared
Derived SI Unit for Volume
Liter (L)
Derived SI Unit for Density
Mass per Unit Volume
Derived SI Unit for Velocity
Meters per second
Derived SI Unit for Acceleration
Meters per second²
Derived SI Unit for Force
Newton (N)
Derived SI Unit for Pressure
Atmosphere (atm)
What is the prefix for the symbol Y?
yotta
What is the prefix for the symbol Z?
zetta
What is the prefix for the symbol E?
eksa
What is the prefix for the symbol P?
peta
What is the prefix for the symbol T?
tera
What is the prefix for the symbol G?
giga
What is the prefix for the symbol M?
mega
What is the prefix for the symbol k?
kilo
What is the prefix for the symbol h?
hecto
What is the prefix for the symbol da?
deca
What is the prefix for the symbol d?
deci
What is the prefix for the symbol c?
centi
What is the prefix for the symbol m?
milli
What is the prefix for the symbol μ?
mikro
What is the prefix for the symbol n?
nano
What is the prefix for the symbol p?
pico
What is the prefix for the symbol f?
femto
What is the prefix for the symbol a?
atto
What is the prefix for the symbol z?
zepto
What is the prefix for the symbol y?
yokto
What is the symbol for the prefix yotta?
Y
What is the symbol for the prefix zetta?
Z
What is the symbol for the prefix eksa?
E
What is the symbol for the prefix peta?
P
What is the symbol for the prefix tera?
T
What is the symbol for the prefix giga?
G
What is the symbol for the prefix mega?
M
What is the symbol for the prefix kilo?
k
What is the symbol for the prefix hecto?
h
What is the symbol for the prefix deca?
da
What is the symbol for the prefix deci?
d
What is the symbol for the prefix centi?
c
What is the symbol for the prefix milli?
m
What is the symbol for the prefix mikro?
μ
What is the symbol for the prefix nano?
n
What is the symbol for the prefix pico?
p
What is the symbol for the prefix femto?
f
What is the symbol for the prefix atto?
a
What is the symbol for the prefix zepto?
z
What is the symbol for the prefix yokto?
y
Value of yotta
10²⁴
Value of zetta
10²¹
Value of eksa
10¹⁸
Value of peta
10¹⁵
Value of tera
10¹²
Value of giga
10⁹
Value of mega
10⁶
Value of kilo
10³
Value of hecto
10²
Value of deca
10¹
Value of deci
10⁻¹
Value of centi
10⁻²
Value of milli
10⁻³
Value of mikro
10⁻⁶
Value of nano
10⁻⁹
Value of pico
10⁻¹²
Value of femto
10⁻¹⁵
Value of atto
10⁻¹⁸
Value of zepto
10⁻²¹
Value of yokto
10⁻²⁴
okto
eight
septem
seven
ex
six
penta
five
teras
monster
gigas
giant
megas
great
khilioi
thousand
hekaton
hundred
deka
ten
decimus
tenth
centum
hundreth
mille
thousandth
mikros
small
nanos
dwarf
piccolo
small
femtem
fifteen
atten
eighteen
A ladder 5m long, leaning against a vertical wall makes an angle of 65° with the ground.
a. ) How high on the wall does the ladder reach?
b. ) How far is the foot of the ladder from the wall?
c. ) What angle does the ladder make with the wall?
a.) sin 65 = a/5
a = sin 65(5)
a = 4.53 m
b.) cos 65 = b/5
b = cos 65(5)
b = 2.11 m
c.) 180 - 90 - 65
c = 25°
A squirrel sits atop a 14ft tall tree. He spies a nut on the ground some distance away. After careful measurements, he determines the nut is 74° from the base of his tree. How far away is the nut from:
a. ) The base of the tree
b. ) The squirrel
a.) tan 74 = A/14
A = tan 74(14)
A = 48.82 ft
b.) cos 74 = 14/B
B = 14/cos 74
B = 50.79 ft
A prince has arrived to rescue a princess standing in a tower balcony 15m up across a moat 12m wide. He knew the princess was high up and there was a moat, so he brought the longest ladder in the kingdom; a 20m monster.
a. ) Is the ladder long enough?
b. ) If the top of the 20m ladder touches the balcony, how far away from the tower wall is the bottom of the ladder?
c. ) What is the angle between the ground and the ladder?
a.) √15² + 12²
= 20 - 19.21m
Yes, with an excess of 0.79m
b.) √20² - 15²
B = 13.23 m
c.) 20/sin 90 = 15/sin 6
15(sin 90)/20 (shift sin)
c = 48.59°
The angle of elevation from a point 43ft from the base of a tree on level ground to the top of the tree is 30°. What is the height of the tree?
43/sin 60 = h/sin 30
43(sin 30)/sin 60
h = 24.83ft
It is the study of the motion of points, objects, and groups of objects without considering the causes of its motion.
Kinematics
What if a restaurant needed to build a wheelchair ramp for its customers? The angle of elevation for a ramp is recommended to be 5∘. If the vertical distance from the sidewalk to the front door is two feet, what is the horizontal distance that the ramp will take up (x)? How long will the ramp be (y)? Round your answers to the nearest hundredth.
θ = 180 - 90 - 5 θ = 85°
x = 2/sin 5 = y/sin 85
x = 2(sin 85) / sin 5
x ≈ 22.86 ft.
y = 2/sin 5 = y/sin 90
y = 2(sin 90) / sin 5
y ≈ 22.95 ft.
