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ICE > Culture, Society, and Politics > Flashcards

Culture, Society, and Politics Flashcards

1
Q

_____ is defined as sameness of essential or generic character in different instances or sameness in all that constitutes the objective reality of a thing.

A

Identity

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2
Q

____ is the distinctive characteristic that defines an individual or is shared by those belonging to a particular group.

A

Identity

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3
Q

____ is the identity or feeling of belonging to a group.

A

Cultural Identity

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4
Q

____ is a shared sense of custom, language, belief, and behavior.

A

Culture

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5
Q

___ is how people relate to others. This is important as it affects the relationship building and the interaction between two persons.

A

Culture Identity

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6
Q

____ is also a sense of belonging, but it is not focusing on culture but wider criteria including descent, language, culture, and religion.

A

National Identity

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7
Q

______ gives individuals a greater sense of shared citizenship.

A

Cosmopolitanism

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8
Q

A ______ is a group of individuals involved in persistent social interaction, or a large social group sharing the same geographical or social territory.

A

Society

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9
Q

_____ is associated with how power is gained and employed to develop authority and influence in social affairs.

A

Politics

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10
Q

____ is the ability to influence others. It gives authority to lead.

A

Power

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11
Q

____ is attained through obedience on the rules set by the leaders.

A

Order

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12
Q

_____ is felt in a society in order.

A

Justice

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13
Q

It is the study of humans and human behavior and societies in the past and present.

A

Anthropology

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14
Q

These study the norms and values of societies.

A

Social anthropology and Cultural anthropology (socio-cultural)

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15
Q

The science of humanity.

A

Anthropology

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16
Q

Studies the biological development of humans. These focus on human body development.

A

Biological or Physical Anthropology

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17
Q

It is a social science that studies human societies, their interactions, and the processes that preserve and change them.

A

Sociology

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18
Q

The science of the origin and development, structure and functions of social group.

A

Sociology

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19
Q

Anthropologists and archaeologists use these to find out what happened in the past.

A

Fossils and artifacts

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20
Q

Differentiate fossils from artifacts.

A

(any answer as long nakuha ung point)

  • Fossils are the remains (bones) of living beings.
  • Artifacts are the things or materials created or used by the early people.
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21
Q

The study of the state and the government. It studies how power is being exercised and distributed

A

Political science

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22
Q

As a social science, political science focuses on ____, the ‘how’ and ‘why’ of collective decision-making.

A

Group power

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23
Q

Enumerate the 3 Branches of Government

A
  • Executive
  • Legislative
  • Judiciary
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24
Q

This branch of government consists of the President, Vice President, and cabinet members. They are in charge of approving the laws.

A

Executive

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25
Q

This branch of government consists of the senators, congressmen, etc. They are in charge of creating bills to make a law.

A

Legislative

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26
Q

This branch of government consists of chief justices, associate justices, etc. They are in charge of executing and implementing the laws.

A

Judiciary

27
Q

What is the Greek word for ‘companion’?

A

socius

28
Q

What is the Greek word for ‘to study’?

A

logos

29
Q

He is the person who invented the word ‘sociology’ in 1842 by bringing the Greek word ‘socius’ and ‘logos’.

A

Auguste Comte

30
Q

He believes that society is governed by certain laws, just as how scientists are governed by the laws of nature.

A

Auguste Comte

31
Q

An approach to understanding the world based from science.

A

Positivism

32
Q

He is the forerunner of Conflict theory and reiterated that political revolution was vital in the evolutionary process of society — the only means to achieve improvement of social conditions.

A

Karl Marx

33
Q

He views conflict as the source of social change.

A

Karl Marx

34
Q

He likened society to an organism, with life and vitality of its own.

A

Herbert Spencer

35
Q

He first used the word ‘survival of the fittest’, when he proposed the policy of non-interference in human affairs and society.

A

Herbert Spencer

36
Q

He is the first French sociologist. He put forward the idea that individuals are more the products rather than the creators of society; the society itself is external to the individual.

A

Emile Durkheim

37
Q

He is a German sociologist and the most important proponent of interpretive sociology.

A

Max Weber

38
Q

What does ‘Verstehen’ mean?

A

Sympathetic (or empathetic) understanding of the mind of others.

39
Q

He asserted that religion is very influential in the actions and thoughts of people.

A

Max Weber

40
Q

Meaning of actions when studying social trends and problems.

A

Interpretive sociology

41
Q

Who is the pioneer of ‘Verstehen’?

A

Max Weber

42
Q

Who is the pioneer of ‘Conflict Theory’?

A

Karl Marx

43
Q

Who is the pioneer of ‘Survival of the fittest’?

A

Herbert Spencer

44
Q

Who is the pioneer of ‘Individuals are the product of society’?

A

Emile Durkheim

45
Q

Who is the pioneer of ‘Positivism’?

A

Auguste Comte

46
Q

It is a group of people living in a community with common culture.

A

Society

47
Q

He is a sociologist that defines society as “…a human product, and nothing but a human product, that yet continuously acts upon its producers.”

A

Peter L. Berger

48
Q

It is “that complex whole encompasses beliefs, practices. values, attitudes, laws, and norms, and artifacts, symbols and everything that a person learns and shares as a member of society.”

A

Culture

49
Q

Tangible. It is meant to be used. It is the physical aspect of culture in the objects and architecture that surround people. These include homes, neighborhoods, cities, schools, churches, synagogues, etc.

A

Material culture

50
Q

Intangible. It is meant to be practiced. It refers to the non-physical ideas that people have about their culture. These include beliefs, values, rules, norms, morals, language, organizations, and institutions.

A

Non-material culture

51
Q

Enumerate the 7 Aspects of Culture.

A
  1. Dynamic, Flexible, and Adaptive
  2. Shared and Contested
  3. Learned through Socialization and Enculturation
  4. Patterned Social Interactions
  5. Integrated and at Times Unstable
  6. Transmitted through Socialization/Enculturation
  7. Requires Language and other Forms of Communication
52
Q

Cultural behaviors permit humans to fit into and adapt to their respective environment. (Aspect of Culture)

A

Dynamic, Flexible, and Adaptive

53
Q

This means that the ideas, activities, and artifacts are shared in common by the various members of a society or group. (Aspect of Culture)

A

Shared and Contested

54
Q

The behavior patterns that constitute a specific culture are not genetically or biologically determined. (Aspect of Culture)

A

Learned through Socialization and Enculturation

55
Q

Through the process of ______, the child eventually acquires the prevailing attitudes and beliefs, the forms of behavior appropriate to the social role he occupies, and the behavior patterns and values of the society into which he is born.

A

Socialization (or enculturation)

56
Q

Social interaction, a commonly viewed implies theory of reciprocity, complementary, and mutuality of response. (Aspect of Culture)

A

Patterned Social Interactions

57
Q

For any society or group, the various ideas, activities and artifacts are not only shared, but the arrangements of them more or less fit together and interlock to form a consistent whole. (Aspect of Culture)

A

Integrated and at Times Unstable

58
Q

Being acquired by learning, cultural ideas, activities, and artifacts are handed down by from generation to generation as a super-organic inheritance. (Aspect of Culture)

A

Transmitted through Socialization/Enculturation

59
Q

Language is a shared set of spoken (often written) symbols and rules for combining those symbols in meaningful ways. (Aspect of Culture)

A

Requires Language and other Forms of Communication

60
Q

Language has been called ‘‘____”.

A

The storehouse of culture

61
Q

It has been called ‘the storehouse of culture’.

A

Language

62
Q

It is the primary means of capturing, communicating, discussing, changing, and passing shared understandings to new generation (and new citizens).

A

Language

63
Q

Studies how language affects social life. (focuses on symbol, language)

A

Linguistic Anthropology

64
Q

List the importances of material and non-material culture.

A

(basta nakuha ung point)

  • It shows the rich history and culture of the early people.
  • It prepares the culture for the next generation.

ICE (6 decks)

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