Physics Flashcards
Longitudinal Waves
Move the medium back and forth with no net change in position of the medium
Transverse Waves
Move the medium perpendicular to the wave movement with no net change in position of the medium
waves on a string, vibrating guitar string, s-waves of an earthquake
How are the weight of an object and the displacement of water related?
The weight of the object is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced.
E.g. To find the weight of an object determine the volume of water displaced and convert it to mass using the density of water and then weight by multiplying the mass of the water times the force of gravity.
Mechanical waves
(two types)
Longitudinal, Transverse
What medium(s) can longitudinal waves travel through?
Solids, liquids, or gasses
They cannot travel through a vacuum
Example: sound waves
What medium(s) can transverse waves travel through?
Solids only
Volt (definition)
electric potential, electromotive force
Volt (units)
Joules / Coulomb
(J/C)
(kg*m^2/s)
Electrical Capacitance (unit)
Coulomb / volt
(C/V)
Coulomb (definition)
quantity of electrical charge
Coulomb (units)
Amperes / seconds
Amps * s^-1
Ohm (definition)
electrical resistance, impedance, reactance
Ohm (units)
Volts/amp
(V/A)
Ohms Law formula
(Voltage, Resistance, and Current)
V = IR
Volt = (Current)(Resistance)
Joule (Definition, two units)
energy, heat, work
Kg*(m^2 / s^2)
N * m
Watt (definition)
power
a unit of power that measures the rate at which energy is produced, consumed, or transferred over a unit of time.
Watt (unit)
Joules per second
(J/sec)
Pressure (unit two)
Pascal
Newtons / m^2
wave formula
velocity, frequency, and wavelength
velocity = frequency * wavelength
Electrical Capacitance (definition)
The ability of an object to store electrical charge measured in Farads
Two determining factors of wave speed
Waves speed only depends on the medium and its characteristics.
If the medium does not change, the speed will remain constant (even if the intensity of the wave drops).
Three laws of thermodynamics
- Conservation of Energy - Energy cannot be created or destroyed but only transferred or transformed from one object to another
- Law of Entropy - the entropy of the universe is increasing
- The entropy of a system approaches a constant value as the system approaches absolute zero. i.e. the entropy of a perfect crystal at absolute zero is zero
What is thermodynamics
The study of how heat, work, and internal energy relate to each other
Two evidences of the Big Bang
- Red shift of light from galaxies suggesting they are moving away from each other.
- Background radiation in the universe is thought to be the remnant energy from the big bang
