Biology and Environmental Science Flashcards
Extinction Potential
A species chance of going extinct
Intrinsic rate of increase for a population
the rate a population would grow in the absence of limits or constraints
Allopatric Speciation
occurs when individuals become geographically isolated and evolve into a distinctly different species.
Parapatric Speciation
the origination of a species immediately adjacent to the ancestral species’ range
Sympatric Speciation
the new species occupying the same area without interbreeding with the ancestral species.
Climax of a population
a stable, balanced ecological community of plants and animals.
The scientific work of Gregor Mandel
observed variations across several generations of pea plants. He formulated the law of independent assortment and law of segregation
Scientific contribution of Theodosius Dobzansky and Ernst Mayr
- modern synthesis evolution
- Definition of a species
introduced the modern synthesis that shifted focus to populations, genetics, and phenotypes
key figures in the development of the “Modern Synthesis” of evolutionary theory, primarily contributing by integrating genetics with natural selection and defining the concept of a species through the “biological species concept,” where a species is defined as a group of interbreeding populations that are reproductively isolated from other groups
Microevolution
small-scale evolutionary processes occurring within a species.
Macroevolution
Denotes processes above the species level.
Niche
*the role a species plays in a community of organisms. It is described by the requirements of the organism and the effects of the organism on the ecosystem.
*An organism’s microhabitat, abiotic characteristics, and food requirements
The four main forces in evolution
migration, mutation, natural selection, and genetic drift.
Chloroplasts and palisade cells
the sites of photosynthesis in a plant.
