Physics Flashcards
What is momentum?
quantity that describes an object’s resistance to stopping
What is the equation for momentum?
P = mv (momentum is equal to mass times velocity)
Impulse
change in momentum or quantity that describes the effect of a net force acting on an object
What is the equation for Impulse?
J = Force x change in time
What is elastic collision?
resulting in moving in opposite directions after colliding
What is inelastic collision?
resulting in sticking together after colliding
What is the Law of Conservation of Momentum?
momentum is always conserved in any time of collision (m1v1i + m2v2i = m1v1f + m2v2f)
What is the equation for waves?
speed = frequency x wavelength
What are the parts of the wave?
crest, trough, intensity, wavelength, amplitude, nodes
What doesn’t change within the electromagnetic spectrum?
speed
What will the image formed by convex mirror and concave lens be? [diverging]
virtual, upright and reduced
What is the difference of diverging convex mirror and concave lens? [diverging]
convex mirror is one curve while concave lens is two
What will the image formed by convex lens and concave mirror be? [converging]
virtual, upright and enlarged; real, inverted, enlarge, same sized or reduced
What is the difference of diverging convex lens and concave mirror? [converging]
convex lens is two curves while concave mirror is one
Example of concave lens
myopia (near-sightedness)
Example of convex lens
hyperopia (far-sightedness)
What is the difference of sound waves and light waves?
sound waves are longitudinal and need a medium to travel while light is an electromagnetic wave which can travel w/o a medium
Speed of light in gas and solid?
Speed in gas is faster than speed in solid so angle is also greater in gas
What is equation of pressure?
Pfluid = density x gravitational acc. x height
What is the equation of fluid continuity?
flow rate = volume of fluid/time elapsed
What is the Ideal Gas Law?
PV = T
What is Charles’ Law?
increase in V = increase in T with constant pressure
What is Boyle’s Law?
increase in P = decrease in V with constant pressure with constant temp
Gay-Lusaac’s Law?
increase in P = increase in T with constant pressure with constant volume
What is Thermodynamics?
heat is transferred from hot body to cold body to achieve thermal equilibrium
What is the equation for thermodynamics?
Q = mass x specific heat x change in temp or Q = mass x latent heat
What is specific heat?
heat required to change temp
What is latent heat?
heat required to change phase
What is the zeroth law of thermodynamics?
thermal equilibrium
What is the first law of thermodynamics?
conservation of energy; Qgained = Qlost
What is the second law of thermodynamics?
entropy tends to increase (hot to cold)
What is the third law of thermodynamics?
absolute zero temperature is unattainable
What is convection
process of heat transfer between a solid surface and a fluid (liquid or gas) in motion
What is conduction?
process of heat transfer that occurs when there is a temperature difference between two objects or regions, and heat energy is transferred through direct contact
What is radiation?
emission or transmission of energy in the form of electromagnetic waves or particles
What is Ohm’s Law?
Voltage = IR (current x resistance)
What is voltage?
electromotive force or potential difference that would drive 1A of current against 1 ohm resistance
What is current?
flow of electrical charge carriers; electrons or electron-deficient atoms
What is resistance?
measure of difficulty to pass an electric current through that conductor
What is the voltage trend in series and parallel circuits?
in series, voltage is additive while equal or constant all throughout in parallel
What is the current trend in series and parallel circuits?
in series, current is equal or constant all throughout while additive in parallel
What is the resistance trend in series and parallel circuits?
in series, resistance is additive while in parallel, their reciprocal is additive
