Physics 1.3 - Sound Waves Flashcards

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1
Q

What type of wave is sound?

A

Longitudinal

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2
Q

How is sound made?

A

If nodes and antinodes are in the right spots, the object will resonate. This causes sound

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3
Q

What is the equation for the speed of sound?

A

V=331+.6T

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4
Q

What happens to sound with constructive and deconstructive interferance?

A

Constructive interference causes amplitude (Volume) increase. Deconstructive interference causes amplitude decrease

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5
Q

What is the Doppler Effect?

A

The perceived change in pitch (frequency) of a sound detected by a listener, compared to the actual pitch produced by a moving source

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6
Q

In point form, Describe the Doppler Effect

A

-When sound source is moving, the wavelength decreases
-Person will hear more waves arriving per second than there actually is. This will also cause higher frequency
-Sound source is passing by the wavelength increases
-Person will hear lower frequencies

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7
Q

How much range is from quietness to loudness?

A

10^12 x the energy

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8
Q

What is sound intensity measured in?

A

Decibels - dB

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9
Q

What is the quietest sound that can be heard by a person? what is this called?

A
  • 0dB
  • Threshold of Hearing
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10
Q

What is the loudest sound our ears can tolerate? what is this called?

A
  • 120 dB
  • Threshold of pain
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11
Q

For every __a)__ increase in sound intensity, the loudness will __b)__

A

a) 10dB
b) double

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12
Q

What are Beats?

A

When interference occurs in sound waves with close frequencies

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13
Q

What is Resonance?

A

When a substance vibrates “as a unit” as its fundamental frequency

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14
Q

How does Resonance occur?

A

Vibration of an object travels through an object and reflects back over itself from one or both ends

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15
Q

Antinodes are found in __a)__ Interference and Nodes are found in __b)__ interference

A

a) constructive interference
b) Deconstructive interference

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16
Q

Describe the ends of open and closed columns

A

-Closed circles an open end and a closed end
-Column is opened at both ends

17
Q

Resonance with Closed Column

A

Tuning fork is held at open end while the pipe is moved up and down until sound is produced

18
Q

When will resonance occur in a closed column

A

when there is a node at the closed end and an antinode at the open end

19
Q

What is the first resonant length

A

shortest tube which resonance can occur is at 1/4 wavelength

20
Q

What are the three resonant lengths of a closed pipe?

A

1/4, 3/4 and 5/4

21
Q

When does resonance occur in open columns?

A

when there is an antinode at both ends

22
Q

At what points will resonance occur in an open column?

A

1/2, 1 wavelength, 3/2 and 2 wavelengths