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Physics - Waves in 2D > Exam stuff > Flashcards

Exam stuff Flashcards

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1
Q

What muscle plays a part in breathing?

A

Diaphram

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2
Q

Oxygen passes into the blood of the capillaries through which walls?

A

Alveoli

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3
Q

what reactants are needed for cellular respiration?

A

Oxygen and glucose

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4
Q

What compounds can be carried by hemoglobin?

A

CO2 and O2

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5
Q

what are the sacs in the lungs called that provide a large surface area for gas exchange?

A

Alveoli

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6
Q

What prevents food from entering the Trachea?

A

The epiglottis

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7
Q

What is in charge of chemically breaking down starch?

A

The mouth

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8
Q

What is the role of sodium bicarbonate.

A

To raise the pH of the intestine (make it more basic)

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9
Q

Where are villi found?

A

Gallbladder

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10
Q

Where does fat digestion occur

A

Small intestine

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11
Q

where is water primarily reabsorbed?

A

Stomach

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12
Q

what is CCKs function?

A

To stimulate the stomach to secrete gastric juices

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13
Q

List functions of the liver

A

-produces bile
-detoxifies blood
-stores vitamins

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14
Q

In the liver, what is unused glucose converted to?

A

Glycogen

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15
Q

what is necessary for protein digestion

A

Protein, HCI, Pepsinogen and Pepsin

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16
Q

List the substrates that match the enzymes
a) Pepsin
b) Trypsin
c) Salivary Amylase

A

a) protein
b) protein
c) starch

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17
Q

what reaction occurs in the stomach

A

Protein is broken down

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18
Q

List three organs where chemical digestion occurs

A

-mouth
-pancreas
-small intestine

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19
Q

What are gastric juices made up of?

A

HCI, mucus and pepsinogen

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20
Q

what structure in the cell is responsible for “packaging and processing” proteins.

A

Golgi

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21
Q

where does protein synthesis happen?

A

Ribosome

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22
Q

What is it called when particles are taken in by a cell by means of the cell surrounding the particles and creating a vesicle around them?

A

Phagocytosis

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23
Q

What part of the brain is the center of thermoregulation?

A

Hypothalamus

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24
Q

What is needed to move particles from a low to high concentration?

A

Energy

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25
Q

What are proteins made up of?

A

Amino Acids

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26
Q

What is an organic compound?

A

C6H12O6

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27
Q

What are Polysaccharides made of?

A

Monosaccharides

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28
Q

What group is nitrogen part of?

A

Proteins

29
Q

What do fructose and glucose combine to make?

A

Sucrose

30
Q

What state of matter are unsaturated fatty acids at room temperature?

A

liquid

31
Q

What happens during dehydration synthesis?

A

Water is lost to form a larger molecule

32
Q

What can make proteins denature?

A

-heavy metals
-strong acids and bases
-high temperatures

33
Q

when using Benedicts solution, what does orange mean?

A

a monosaccharide is present

34
Q

what is it called when disaccharides, proteins and triglycerides are broken down?

A

hydrolysis

35
Q

what are fats with single bonds?

A

saturated

36
Q

In sensory neurons, what receives stimuli?

A

dendrites

37
Q

What are action potentials?

A

all or nothing events

38
Q

where do you find postsynaptic membranes

A

dendrites

39
Q

During a resting potential neuron what will there be very little of?

A

Na+

40
Q

A nerve impulse can jump from one ______ to another

A

node of Ranvier

41
Q

What is the firing of a neuron called?

A

Action potential

42
Q

What usually carries away a Neuron?

A

the Axon

43
Q

what is the junction between a neuron and its target cell called?

A

voltage gated channel

44
Q

where are neurotransmitters released from vesicles?

A

dendrite

45
Q

what forms the Myelin Sheath?

A

Schwann Cells

46
Q

what are neurons that carry impulses AWAY from the central nervous system called?

A

Efferent nerves

47
Q

What does the parasympathetic nervous system do to a pacemaker?

A

inhibits it

48
Q

what is the first thing that receives a neurotransmitter?

A

dendrite

49
Q

What type of neurons are afferent neurons?

A

Sensory Neurons

50
Q

for blood pressure, what does 120/80 represent?

A

systolic/diastolic

51
Q

what is the SA Node?

A

the pacemaker of the heart

52
Q

what causes the “lub” sound of the heart?

A

closing of the AV valves

53
Q

what heart chamber is the thickest?

A

Left ventricle

54
Q

what do the purkinje fibers do?

A

they conduct currents through the ventricles

55
Q

what part of the ECG shows ventricular electrical recovery?

A

T wave

56
Q

what does the QRS wave of the ECG measure?

A

electrical activity moving through ventricles

57
Q

why does blood pressure fall drastically when in the cappilaries?

A

distribute lymph fluid

58
Q

List three nitrogenous waste products

A

-urea
-creatinine
-ammonia

59
Q

Urea is produced by the breakdown of ______

A

proteins

60
Q

where are glucose, salts, amino acids, and water normally reabsorbed?

A

proximal convoluted tubule

61
Q

where are potassium, creatinine and other drugs secreted into the nephron?

A

Distal convoluted tubule

62
Q

The blood in the renal artery is high in __a__ and __b__

A

a - Oxygen
b - Urea

63
Q

What part of the nephron does ADH affect?

A

the collecting tubules

64
Q

where is the Loop of Henle found?

A

Medulla

65
Q

What is the path of blood vessels going in and out of the nephron?

A

Renal artery - afferent arteriole - glomerulus - efferent arteriole - pertibular capillaries - venules - renal vein

66
Q

which organ releases water, salt, ammonia and urea?

A

Kidneys

67
Q

what does ADH do?

A

it increases water reabsorption

68
Q

what hormone will directly cause the distal convoluted tubules to reabsorb sodium ions?

A

Aldesterone

69
Q

Urine moves through the system in what order?

A

Bowman’s capsule - pct - loop of henle - dct - collecting tubules - renal pelvis - ureter

Physics - Waves in 2D (7 decks)

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