Exam stuff

Question 1

What muscle plays a part in breathing?

Answer 1

Diaphram

Question 2

Oxygen passes into the blood of the capillaries through which walls?

Answer 2

Alveoli

Question 3

what reactants are needed for cellular respiration?

Answer 3

Oxygen and glucose

Question 4

What compounds can be carried by hemoglobin?

Answer 4

CO2 and O2

Question 5

what are the sacs in the lungs called that provide a large surface area for gas exchange?

Answer 5

Alveoli

Question 6

What prevents food from entering the Trachea?

Answer 6

The epiglottis

Question 7

What is in charge of chemically breaking down starch?

Answer 7

The mouth

Question 8

What is the role of sodium bicarbonate.

Answer 8

To raise the pH of the intestine (make it more basic)

Question 9

Where are villi found?

Answer 9

Gallbladder

Question 10

Where does fat digestion occur

Answer 10

Small intestine

Question 11

where is water primarily reabsorbed?

Answer 11

Stomach

Question 12

what is CCKs function?

Answer 12

To stimulate the stomach to secrete gastric juices

Question 13

List functions of the liver

Answer 13

-produces bile
-detoxifies blood
-stores vitamins

Question 14

In the liver, what is unused glucose converted to?

Answer 14

Glycogen

Question 15

what is necessary for protein digestion

Answer 15

Protein, HCI, Pepsinogen and Pepsin

Question 16

List the substrates that match the enzymes
a) Pepsin
b) Trypsin
c) Salivary Amylase

Answer 16

a) protein
b) protein
c) starch

Question 17

what reaction occurs in the stomach

Answer 17

Protein is broken down

Question 18

List three organs where chemical digestion occurs

Answer 18

-mouth
-pancreas
-small intestine

Question 19

What are gastric juices made up of?

Answer 19

HCI, mucus and pepsinogen

Question 20

what structure in the cell is responsible for “packaging and processing” proteins.

Answer 20

Golgi

Question 21

where does protein synthesis happen?

Answer 21

Ribosome

Question 22

What is it called when particles are taken in by a cell by means of the cell surrounding the particles and creating a vesicle around them?

Answer 22

Phagocytosis

Question 23

What part of the brain is the center of thermoregulation?

Answer 23

Hypothalamus

Question 24

What is needed to move particles from a low to high concentration?

Answer 24

Energy

Question 25

What are proteins made up of?

Answer 25

Amino Acids

Question 26

What is an organic compound?

Answer 26

C6H12O6

Question 27

What are Polysaccharides made of?

Answer 27

Monosaccharides

Question 28

What group is nitrogen part of?

Answer 28

Proteins

Question 29

What do fructose and glucose combine to make?

Answer 29

Sucrose

Question 30

What state of matter are unsaturated fatty acids at room temperature?

Answer 30

liquid

Question 31

What happens during dehydration synthesis?

Answer 31

Water is lost to form a larger molecule

Question 32

What can make proteins denature?

Answer 32

-heavy metals -strong acids and bases -high temperatures

Question 33

when using Benedicts solution, what does orange mean?

Answer 33

a monosaccharide is present

Question 34

what is it called when disaccharides, proteins and triglycerides are broken down?

Answer 34

hydrolysis

Question 35

what are fats with single bonds?

Answer 35

saturated

Question 36

In sensory neurons, what receives stimuli?

Answer 36

dendrites

Question 37

What are action potentials?

Answer 37

all or nothing events

Question 38

where do you find postsynaptic membranes

Answer 38

dendrites

Question 39

During a resting potential neuron what will there be very little of?

Answer 39

Na+

Question 40

A nerve impulse can jump from one ______ to another

Answer 40

node of Ranvier

Question 41

What is the firing of a neuron called?

Answer 41

Action potential

Question 42

What usually carries away a Neuron?

Answer 42

the Axon

Question 43

what is the junction between a neuron and its target cell called?

Answer 43

voltage gated channel

Question 44

where are neurotransmitters released from vesicles?

Answer 44

dendrite

Question 45

what forms the Myelin Sheath?

Answer 45

Schwann Cells

Question 46

what are neurons that carry impulses AWAY from the central nervous system called?

Answer 46

Efferent nerves

Question 47

What does the parasympathetic nervous system do to a pacemaker?

Answer 47

inhibits it

Question 48

what is the first thing that receives a neurotransmitter?

Answer 48

dendrite

Question 49

What type of neurons are afferent neurons?

Answer 49

Sensory Neurons

Question 50

for blood pressure, what does 120/80 represent?

Answer 50

systolic/diastolic

Question 51

what is the SA Node?

Answer 51

the pacemaker of the heart

Question 52

what causes the "lub" sound of the heart?

Answer 52

closing of the AV valves

Question 53

what heart chamber is the thickest?

Answer 53

Left ventricle

Question 54

what do the purkinje fibers do?

Answer 54

they conduct currents through the ventricles

Question 55

what part of the ECG shows ventricular electrical recovery?

Answer 55

T wave

Question 56

what does the QRS wave of the ECG measure?

Answer 56

electrical activity moving through ventricles

Question 57

why does blood pressure fall drastically when in the cappilaries?

Answer 57

distribute lymph fluid

Question 58

List three nitrogenous waste products

Answer 58

-urea -creatinine -ammonia

Question 59

Urea is produced by the breakdown of ______

Answer 59

proteins

Question 60

where are glucose, salts, amino acids, and water normally reabsorbed?

Answer 60

proximal convoluted tubule

Question 61

where are potassium, creatinine and other drugs secreted into the nephron?

Answer 61

Distal convoluted tubule

Question 62

The blood in the renal artery is high in __a__ and __b__

Answer 62

a - Oxygen b - Urea

Question 63

What part of the nephron does ADH affect?

Answer 63

the collecting tubules

Question 64

where is the Loop of Henle found?

Answer 64

Medulla

Question 65

What is the path of blood vessels going in and out of the nephron?

Answer 65

Renal artery - afferent arteriole - glomerulus - efferent arteriole - pertibular capillaries - venules - renal vein

Question 66

which organ releases water, salt, ammonia and urea?

Answer 66

Kidneys

Question 67

what does ADH do?

Answer 67

it increases water reabsorption

Question 68

what hormone will directly cause the distal convoluted tubules to reabsorb sodium ions?

Answer 68

Aldesterone

Question 69

Urine moves through the system in what order?

Answer 69

Bowman's capsule - pct - loop of henle - dct - collecting tubules - renal pelvis - ureter