PHYSICS 101-1 Unit 1 Lesson 2 & 3 Flashcards
Radiologic Physics
Deals with nature, origin, and behavior of x-rays concerning principles with matter in motion
Science
Using knowledge in a organized and classified way
Natural Science
Study of universe and it’s contents
Acceleration
Rate of change of velocity over time
Inertia
Says there is a resist in change in motion
States a resting body with stay at rest
States a moving body will continue to continue to move at a constant speed in straight line
Force and what is it’s unit of measurement?
The push and pull of an object measured in Newtons (N) from the SYSTEM INTERNATIONAL measuring system
Mass
The quantity of matter in a body
Mass of a body is a measure of its _____________
Inertia
The greater the mass, the greater the _____________ needed for motion.
External force
What are the 2 subdivisions of natural science?
Physical science and biological sciences
Physical Science
The study of nonliving matter
What is a subdivision of physical science?
Physics
Physics
Studies matter and energy and it’s interrelationships
Biological sciences
The study of living matter
The scientific method
Strategically collecting and comparing facts to draw a conclusion
Who developed the laws of motion and when?
Newton in 1686
What are the laws of motion?
- law of inertia
- Force
- Action/reaction
Law of inertia
A body will stay at rest or in motion will stay moving at a constant velocity in straight line unless prevented by an external force.
(Newton’s 1st law)
Force
The force acting on a body is proportional to its mass times acceleration.
F=ma
(Newton’s 2nd law)
What is the word “action” synonymous with in Newton’s 3rd law (action/reaction)?
Force
Action/reaction
For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.
What is an example of the action/reaction law?
When a pushing a heavy block the block will push back with the same force applied.
Decimal System
a system of numbers based on multiples of 10
Powers of Ten
the exponential form of the decimal system. This is used to abbreviate large numbers.
Decimal Point
a dot used to separate the ones digit and the digit to the right
What are the 2 commonly used measuring systems?
English and Metric
Measuring
a figure, extent, or amount gathered from measuring a dimension
English System is also known as the ___________?
British Engineering System
What are the units the English system is based on?
foot, pound, and second
What are the 2 subcategories of the metric system?
CGS System (centimeter, gram, and second) MKS System (meter, kilogram, and second)
The CGS system is used for?
small-scale measurements
The MKS system is used for?
large-scale measurements
System International (SI) units
This is the most modern metric system commonly used in science and medicine
What are the 7 base SI units ?
SMMACKK
Second Meter Mole Ampere Candela Kelvin Kilogram
What are 3 other commonly used derived SI units ?
Newton (N) for force
Joule (J) for energy
Watt (W) for power
What are the 3 fundamental units of measurement?
Length , mass , and time
Temperature
Average energy of motion of molecules of matter
Celsius
Freezing point of water ?
Boiling point of water ?
0 degrees Celsius
100 degrees Celsius
Fahrenheit
Freezing point for water ?
Boiling point for water ?
32 degrees Fahrenheit
212 degrees Fahrenheit
Formula for temperature conversion
C= 5/9 (F-32)
Define length and include the unit used for the English and metric systems
distance or extent of space defined by in inch (English system) or a meter (Metric System)
What are the units of measurement used for Mass in both the English and metric systems?
Pound (English)
Kilogram (Metric)
Define time and include the unit used for the English and metric systems
the duration of an event measured by seconds in both the English and metric systems
Density
mass per unit volume of a substance
“kg/m^3”
Velocity
speed in a given direction
“m/s”
Volume
amount of space something occupies
Solids: =LWH in cubic meters / m^3
Liquids: = measured in liters
What is the symbol and corresponding scientific notation for the following prefixes?
tetra-
T 10^12
What is the symbol and corresponding scientific notation for the following prefixes?
giga-
G 10^9
What is the symbol and corresponding scientific notation for the following prefixes?
mega-
M 10^6
What is the symbol and corresponding scientific notation for the following prefixes?
kilo-
k 10^3
What is the symbol and corresponding scientific notation for the following prefixes?
deci-
d 10^-1
What is the symbol and corresponding scientific notation for the following prefixes?
centi-
c 10^-2
What is the symbol and corresponding scientific notation for the following prefixes?
milli-
m 10^-3
What is the symbol and corresponding scientific notation for the following prefixes?
micro-
funky u 10^-6
What is the symbol and corresponding scientific notation for the following prefixes?
nano-
n 10^-9
What is the symbol and corresponding scientific notation for the following prefixes?
pico-
p 10^-12
Meter (m)
unit of length
Kilogram (kg)
unit of weight
Second (s)
abbreviated s , unit of time
ampere (amp or A)
unit of electric current or amount electric charge per second
Kelvin (K)
hypothetical temperature for no heat energy
an extension of the degree celcius scale to absolute zero
Mole (mol)
The mass of a substance that has the same # of fundamental units (elemental entities like atoms, molecules, ions, and electrons) as there are atoms in 12g of 12^C. The weight in grams of 6.022X10^23 atoms of a substance
Candela (cd)
the power of light or luminescence in a direction
