Medical Terminology Unit 1 Lesson 3 Flashcards
Cranium
superior of skull
Cephalic
pertaining to the head
Orbital
eye cavity
nasal
nose
cervical
neck region of the spine
thoracic
chest region of the back
lumbar
loin region of the back (stomach)
sacral/sacrum
lower back
coccygeal/coccyx
tailbone
occipital
posterior of head
brachial
arm
carpal
wrist
palmar
palm
digital
fingers
femoral
thigh
popliteal
back of knee
plantar
sole of foot
axillary
armpit
lordosis
“sway back” or “the lower back dip inward”
“increased concavity”
curve of cervical and lumbar
kyphosis
“humpback”
“increased convexity”
seen in thoracic region
scoliosis
side to side curvature of the spine
body systems
related organs that work together for a common goal or function
how many systems does the body have within its structures?
10
Name the 10 body systems
Cardiovascular/Circulatory Endocrine Gastrointestinal/Digestive Immune/lymphatic Integumentary Musculoskeletal Nervous Respiratory Reproductive Urinary
Cardiovascular/Circulatory
describe, list some structures, list specialties
-dishes out O2 and nuterients to cells
-carries waste and CO2 from cells
Structures: heart, arteries, veins, capillaries
Specialties: cardiologist, hematologist, internist
Endocrine
describe, list some structures, list specialties
-controls body activities with hormones
-includes ductless glands
Structures: thyroid gland, testes/ovaries, pituitary glad, etc.
Specialties: endocrinologist
Gastrointestinal/Digestive
describe, list some structures, list specialties
-convert food into useable
-gets rid of solid waste
Structures: mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestines, liver, etc.
Specialties: gastroenterologist, proctologist
Immune/lymphatic
describe, list some structures, list specialties
- defends from sickness
structures: lymph nodes, thymus gland, spleen, lymphatic vessels
specialties: immunologist
Integumentary
describe, list some structures, list specialties
- controls body temperature
- protects body and receives stimuli
- its the largest and most visible
structures: skin, sweat glands, hair, nails
specialties: dermatologist
Musculoskeletal
describe, list some structures, list specialties
- gives the body strength, structure, and makes movement
structures: muscles, tendons, bones, joints, cartilage
specialties: orthopedics
Nervous
describe, list some structures, list specialties
- the “electrical wiring system”
- controls body activities w/ electrical impulses
structures: brain, spinal, cord, nerves
specialties: neurology
Respiratory
describe, list some structures, list specialties
- gives O2 to the blood and then at some point the O2 reaches the cells with help from the cardiovascular system
- takes CO2 out from the blood
structures: nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, lungs
specialties: allergist
Reproductive
describe, list some structures, list specialties
- reproduces life and the organism
structures: testes, ovaries, penis, vagina, scrotum, uterus, breast
specialties: urology, obstetrics, gynecology
Urinary
describe, list some structures, list specialties
- filters blood and removes waste
structures: kidneys, uterus, bladder
specialties: urology, nephrology
Medical Imaging
a term used for x-ray, computerized scans, and other techniques to see the internal of the body
Radiologist
physician that can use and interpret x-rays
Technologist
one whom is trained in science and technology practices
Radiography
the making of radiographs or other images
Radiopaque
when there’s a block of x-rays and these objects appear white on the viewed image
Radiolucent
Allows the passing of the x-rays (there’s no block). The objects appear dark on the viewed image
Radioactive
emitting radiation energy
X-rays
made by exposing an image receptor to the energy waves from a cathode ray tube which is a x-ray generator
Fluoroscopy
uses a cathode ray tube so that one can see a moving image
Sonography
ultrasound technology that uses high frequency sound waves to see body strcutures
Computerized Tomography (CT Scan)
basically a representation of x-rays made by computer to make images of things in the body
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
uses computer interpretations to make images of the body’s responses to a strong magnetic field
Barium
contrast medium or dye that helps make enhanced imaging of the digestive system
Image Receptor
captures radiographic image that exits the patient. This would include filmscreen cassettes and digital acquisition devices.
Shield
used to protect against radiation
Transducer
converts energy from one form to another
