Physical Sciences 22 Flashcards
what is the major mineralocorticoid?
aldosterone
effects of aldosterone on electrolytes
increases sodium reabsorption by kidney tubules (increases BP by increases osmolarity)
hyperkalemia increases aldosterone secretion
increases potassium secretion by kidney (principal cells in late distill tubule)
increases hydrogen ion secretion by kidneys
what controls aldosterone secretion
angiotensin II and K+
what is aldosterone secreted by?
zona glomerulosa
what does aldosterone especially affect?
electrolytes
esp. sodium and potassium
what is the major glucocorticoid?
cortisol
what are glucocorticoids essential in
stress response
what controls secretion of glucocorticoids
ACTH
function of ACTH
up regulates its receptor under influence of CRH
second messenger for CRH and ACTH
cAMP
where are glucocorticoids secreted?
zona fasciculata
negative feed back of cortisol is from
CRH and ACTH
functions of glucocorticoids
stimulates gluconeogenesis
resists stress
resists inflammation (can resolve it)
inhibits immune response
stimulation of gluconeogenesis by glucocorticoids
increases protein catabolism mobilizes and enhances AA transport increases enzymes req. to convert AA and glucose decreases glucose use by cells increases lipolysis
“formation of glucose from non glucose sources”
what can glucocorticoid activation lead to?
adrenal diabetes
hyperadrenalism is also known as
cushing disease
Causes of Cushing’s disease
administration of glucocorticoids adenomas of anterior pituitary abnormal function of hypothalamus ectopic secretion of ACTH adenomas of adrenal cortex excess ACTH secretion
hypoadrenalism AKA
Addisons
symptoms of cushings
buffalo torso
moon face
cause of primary addison
adrenal cortex
secondary cause of addison
imparted function of pituitary gland
disturbances of addison
due to mineralcortiocid deficiency
due to glucocorticoid deficiency
melanin pigmentation
disturbances due to mineralocorticoid deficiency
hyperkalemia
mild acidosis
rise in RBC concentration
disturbances due to glucocorticoid deficiency
hypoglycemia
weight loss
vomiting
muscle weakness
