Physical Sciences 20

Question 1

down regulation of receptors

Answer 1

number of active receptors decrease due to increased hormone concentration and increased binding to receptors

Question 2

what might cause down regulation of receptors

Answer 2

molecules: inactivation of signal or receptor molecules
receptors: destruction, no production, or removal

Question 3

result of down regulation of receptors

Answer 3

decreases large tissues responsiveness to hormones

Question 4

up regulation of receptors

Answer 4

increase in number of receptors

Question 5

what might cause up regulation of receptors

Answer 5

greater than normal availability of receptors or signal molecules

Question 6

result of up regulation of receptors?

Answer 6

increases the target tissues responsiveness to hormones

Question 7

what stimulates calcium entry in calcium-calmodulin phospholipid second messenger system

Answer 7

changes in membrane potential to open calcium channels

hormone interacting with receptors to open channels

Question 8

calcium ions bind with ___

Answer 8

calmodulin

Question 9

how many calcium ions must be bound to calmodulin?

Answer 9

3-4

when this happens there is activation or inactivation of protein kinases

Question 10

what type of receptors for lipid soluble hormones? where are they located?

Answer 10

intracellular receptors

in cytoplasm

Question 11

examples of lipid soluble hormones

Answer 11

adrenal and steroidal hormones
thyroid hormones
retinoid hormones
vitamin D

Question 12

how does the activated hormone rector complex work?

Answer 12

binding to PROMOTOR SEQUENCE OF DNA

nucleotide sequence

Question 13

hormone response element of hormone/receptor complex?

Answer 13

nucleotide sequence on DNA

promotor region!!

Question 14

somatotropes

Answer 14

human growth factor

Question 15

corticotropes

Answer 15

ACTH

Question 16

thyrotropes

Answer 16

TSH

Question 17

gonadotropes

Answer 17

LH and FSH

Question 18

lactotropes

Answer 18

prolactin