Physical Science mid term vocab (matching/fill in the blank/true or false) Flashcards
ion
atom or group of atoms that has an electric charge
ionic bond
the attraction between positive and negative ions
matter
anything that has mass and takes up space
elements
simplest pure substances and they cant be broken down into any other substances.
compound
pure substance made of two or more elements that are combined chemically in a specific ratio ie. sodium chloride
mixture
two or more substances-elements, compounds, or both- that are in the same place, but are not chemically combined. examples- air, soil, wood
atom
smalllest particle of an element
valence electrons
highest energy level and are held most loosley
motion
state in which one’s distance from another is changing
reference point
a place or object used for comparison to determine if an object is in motion
international system of units
a system of measurement based on multiples of ten and on established measures of mass, length, and time
slope
steepness of a line on a graph, equal to its vertical change divided by its horizontal change
precipitate
A solid that forms from a solution during a chemical reaction.
molecule
A group of atoms bonded together
endothermic reaction
A reaction in which energy is absorbed in the form of heat
exothermic reaction
A reaction that releases energy in the form of heat
covalent bond
A chemical bond formed when two atoms share electrons
Law of Conservation of Mass
Matter is not created nor destroyed in any chemical or physical change
balanced force
The forces pushing (or pulling) an object in one direction are the same size as the forces acting in the opposite direction –> the object will not move
unbalanced force
The forces on an object are pushing harder in one direction than in another, causing movement
net force
The total (or sum) of all forces acting on an object
Newton
The unit of measurement for force
force
Something that does work or causes a change (basically, a push or a pull)
energy level
the specific amount of energy an electron has
polyatomic ion
an ion that is made of more than one atom
open system
a system in which matter can enter from or escape to the surrounding
closed system
a system in which not matter is allowed to enter or leave
activation energy
the minimum amount of energy needed to get a chemical reaction started
concentration
the amount of one material in a certain volume of another material.
