Physical Incompatibilities

Question 1

Physical Incompatibilities

Answer 1

Insolubility/Immiscibility
Polymorphism
Liquefaction
Sorption
Water Loss/Dehydration
Volatilization/Vaporization

Question 2

Causes of Insolubility/Immiscibility

Answer 2

Salting-Out
Changes in temperature

Question 3

slightly soluble non-electrolyte + water but an addition of an electrolyte which is more soluble will separate the two

Answer 3

Salting out

Question 4

Examples of salting-out

Answer 4

Acacia mucilage + water
Hydroalcoholic mixture + NaCl
Alcohol + NaCl solution

Question 5

Changes in temperature

Answer 5

Endothermic compounds
(Directly proportional)
Exothermic compounds (Inversely proportional)

Question 6

Endothermic compounds

Answer 6

KCl, Boric acid
- increase in temp = increase in solubility

Question 7

Exothermic compounds

Answer 7

Ca(OH2) is insoluble in H2O

Question 8

Polymorphism

Answer 8

Monoclinic
Triclinic
Cubic
Tetragonal
Rhombic
Hexagonal

Question 9

Monoclinic

Answer 9

Sucrose

Question 10

Triclinic

Answer 10

Boric acid

Question 11

Cubic

Answer 11

NaCl

Question 12

Tetragonal

Answer 12

Urea

Question 13

Rhombic

Answer 13

Iodine

Question 14

Hexagonal

Answer 14

Iodoform

Question 15

Active polymorph of chloramphenicol

Answer 15

B=metastable

Question 16

Liquefaction

Answer 16

Eutexia
Hygroscopic
Deliquescent
Efflorescent

Question 17

A liquefaction of two or more substances combined by lowering each other’s MP

Answer 17

Eutexia

Question 18

Eutexia happens at what temperature

Answer 18

Room temperature

Question 19

Eutectic substances

Answer 19

Menthol
Camphor
Phenol
Thymol
Salol

Question 20

Intentional type of incompatibility

Answer 20

Eutexia

Question 21

Eutectic Mixtures

Answer 21

Emla
Liniments

Question 22

Emla

Answer 22

Lidocaine + Prilocaine
(cream)

Question 23

Liniments

Answer 23

Camphor + Menthol
Salol + Acetanilide (2:1)
Salol + MgCO3 (2:1)

Question 24

Absorb H2O

Answer 24

Hygroscopic
Deliquescent

Question 25

Release H2O for crystallization

Answer 25

Efflorescent

Question 26

Efflorescent substances

Answer 26

CuSO4 CaSO4 MgSO4 Na2CO3

Question 27

Solution to container

Answer 27

Sorption

Question 28

Sorption examples

Answer 28

Absorption Adsorption

Question 29

Opposite of liquefaction

Answer 29

Water loss/Dehydration

Question 30

Examples of water loss/dehydration

Answer 30

Crumbling Cracking Syneresis Increase potency

Question 31

Crumbling

Answer 31

Ointment

Question 32

Cracking

Answer 32

Emulsion

Question 33

Syneresis/Shrinkage

Answer 33

Gel

Question 34

Increase in potency

Answer 34

Solution/Suspension

Question 35

Examples of volatile substances

Answer 35

Volatile oils (Aldehyde and Ketone) Alcohols NTG Ethers and Esters