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Clinical Microscopy > Physical Examination of Urine > Flashcards

Physical Examination of Urine Flashcards

1
Q

Normal range of Urine volume

A

600 to 2000 mL

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2
Q

Average Urine volume in 24hrs

A

1200 to 1500 mL

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3
Q

Night Urine Output

A

<400 mL

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4
Q

Day : Night ratio

A

2-3 : 1

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5
Q

Container capacity for Urine Analysis

A

50 mL

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6
Q

Required urine volume for ROUTINE UA

A

10 TO 15 mL
Ave: 12 mL

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7
Q

Increased urine volume
>2,000 mL / 24 hrs
>2.5 L/day
2.5 -3.0 mL/kg/day in CHILDREN

A

Polyuria

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8
Q

Caused by Dehydration, Renal Dse, calculi and tumor

A

Oliguria

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9
Q

Complete CESSATION of urine flow, causes Complete OBSTRUCTION, Toxic agents, Dec. renal blood flow

A

Anuria

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10
Q

Excretion of more than 500 mL of urine at NIGHT; Pregnancy, Prostate enlargement

A

Nocturia

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11
Q

Increase in urine excretion, Polydipsia, Hormonal imbalance, drug ingestion, renal dysfunction

A

Diuresis

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12
Q

Rough indicator of the degree of hydration

A

Urine color

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13
Q

urine color determination, examine the spx under a good light source and

A

Look down through the container against white background

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14
Q

Recent fluid consumption

A

Colorless

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15
Q

Polyuria (DI, DM) dilute random spx

A

PALE Yellow

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16
Q

Normal

A

Yellow

17
Q

Concentrated spx, Stenuous excercise, DEHYDRATION, fever, burns
FIRST MORNING Spx
Excessive Urobilin, BILIRUBIN, CAROTENE

A

DARK Yellow, AMBER

18
Q

Bilirubin (yellow foam): Tea-colored Urine

A

Orange/ Orange-Yellow

19
Q

Orange and viscous w/ YELLOW / ORANGE foam

A

Phenazopyridine (Pyridium)

20
Q

Urobilin ( NO YELLOW FOAM)

A

Orange / Orange-Yellow

21
Q

Bilirubin —oxidized–> Biliverdin

A

Yellow - Green

22
Q

Pseudomonas infection, ASPARAGUS, B vitamins, PHENOL

A

Green

23
Q

Chlorophyll, Clorets, PHENOL, INDICAN, (Familial hypercalcemia, Harnup disease)

A

Blue - Green

24
Q

RBCs

A

Cloudy/ Smokey Red; HEMATURIA

25
Q

Hemoglobin

A

Clear Red (pigment)

26
Q

Myoglobin

A

CLEAR Red/ REDDISH - BROWN/ COLA-colored/ TEA-colored

27
Q

Rifampin TB Drug: most body fluids are RED
Fuchsin: aniline dye from FOOD and CANDY
Beets: Alkaline urine
Black Berries: Acid urine
Menstrual contam

A

Pink/ Red

28
Q

Porphyrin

A

BURGUNDY/ Purplish- Red/ Portwine

29
Q

Methemoglobin: Acidic urine
Homogentisic Acid: Alkaptonuria
Melanin: upon air exposure
COLA-colored: FAVA BEANS, RHUBARB, ALOE

A

Brown
Black

30
Q

Pyuria/ Leukocyturia/ Increased WBCs

A

Milky

31
Q

Pyuria/ Leukocyturia/ Increased WBCs

A

Milky

Clinical Microscopy (10 decks)

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