Physical Examination Flashcards
What are the approaches to an exam?
- Front-to-back
-Systems
What are the keys to a good physical exam?
- Consistency
- symmetry (compare each side)
What senses need to be used in a physical exam?
Sight, smell, hearing, touch
What do we use sight for in a physical exam?
- Observation
- inspection
What do me use hearing for in a physical exam?
- Auscultation of the heart, lungs, and GI tract
- Percussion of the GI tract
- Crepitation
What is auscultation?
Listening to internal sounds of the body
What is percussion?
Tapping on structures and listening
What is crepitation?
Crackling in the muscosteletal system
What do we use smell for in a physical exam?
To detect…
- Infection
- Infestation
- Inflammation
- Poor husbandry
- Metabolic disease
What do we use touch for in a physical exam?
Palpitation
What is body condition scoring (bcs)?
An assessment of an animals nutrition status from 1-5
What senses do we use when finding a BCS?
- Sight (from above and side)
- Touch (palpitation)
What is a BCS based on?
-The amount of tissue over the ribs, hip bones, and transverse processes of vertebrae
- Abdominal tuck and waistline
What is palpation?
An examination using the sense of touch
What is the pounds to kilograms conversion?
2.2lbs= 1kg
Lymph nodes that are easily visible or very easily palpable may be…
Enlarged due to something
Where is the submandibular lymph node?
Medial to the caudial aspect of the mandible
Where is the prescapular lymph node?
Caudial to the forearm, deep in
Where is the axillary lymph node?
On the lateral aspect of the thorax, medial to the elbow
Where is the inguinal lymph node?
As the commissure of the thigh
Where is the popliteal lymph node?
Caudial to the knee
What does lymphadenopathy mean?
The abnormal enlargement of the lymph nodes
What are some causes of lymphadenopathy?
-Inflammation or infection
-Post-vaccination (immune response)
-Lymphatic cancer
-Feline leukemia
