Heart Rate and Pulse Auscultation Flashcards
What are the parts of a stethoscope?
-Chest piece
-Tubing
-Earpieces
What makes up a chest piece?
-A diaphragm that is made of a plastic disc
-A bell made of a hollow metal cup
What does the diaphragm hear?
High-pitch sounds are produced by the bowel, lungs, and heart
What does the bell hear?
Low pitched sounds
What does the tubing in a stethoscope do?
Transmits sounds from the chest piece to the earpieces
How do you switch between the bell and the diaphragm?
Twisting the chest piece
How do you use the earpieces?
Goes into ears pointing forward toward nose
What does cardio mean?
Prefix pertaining to the heart
What does cardiovascular mean?
Pertaining to the heart, blood vessels, and circulatory system
What is the thorax?
The portion of the trunk of the body located between the abdomen and neck
What is the thoracic cavity?
The space within the thorax, surrounded by the ribs that contains the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels
Where can the heart be heard?
On the left lateral thorax, medial to the elbow between the 4th and 6th ribs
For what should the bell be used?
Kittens, puppies, and small dogs
How to get a cat to stop purring
-Rubbing alcohol near nose
-Blowing in face
-Running water near them
-Not petting them
How to get a dog to stop panting
-Push chin up without closing mouth
-Dog will usually close mouth itself or slow the breathing
What does a normal heartbeat sound like?
Lub-dub (1 beat)
What does a heart murmur sound like?
Swish-swish
What is a thrill?
A murmur felt on the palpation of the chest
What is a heart murmur?
When the blood flow in the heart is fast and choppy
How do you calculate a HR?
Count beats for 15 seconds, then multiple by 4
How to write a HR in the record
HR=_bpm
What is the normal HR in dogs?
50-100bpm
Large breeds have a __ HR
Slower
Small breeds have a __ HR
Faster
What is the normal HR in puppies?
Up to 220
What is the normal HR in cats?
80-120bpm
Kittens and stressed cats have an __ HR
Increased
What does tachycardia mean?
Abnormally high HR
What does bradycardia mean?
Abnormally slow HR
What does a regular heart rhythm mean?
Beats are evenly spaced
What does an irregular heart rhythm mean?
Beats are unevenly spaced
What does a sinus rhythm mean?
Normal heart rhythm
What does arrhythmia or dysrhythmia mean?
Abnormal heart rhythm
What does sinus arrhythmia mean?
-Regular arrhythmia rhythm
-HR increases with inspiration and decreases with expiration
Sinus arrhythmia is __ in cats
Abnormal
Sinus arrhythmia is __ in dogs
Common and normal
What is systole?
Contracting of the heart, emptying the chambers
What is diastole?
Relaxation of the heart, filling the chambers
What is asystole?
Lack of contractions/ heart has stopped
