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AUBF LEC > PHYSICAL EXAM PART 2 > Flashcards

PHYSICAL EXAM PART 2 Flashcards

1
Q

• A form of factitious disorder where a person fabricates or induces an
illness to assume the patient role

A

MUNCHAUSEN SYNDROME

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2
Q

MUNCHAUSEN SYNDROME

• One method:
• Variation:

A

tampering with laboratory specimens

Munchausen syndrome by proxy

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3
Q

Examples: artifactual/factitious hematuria (common), factitious
proteinuria

A

MUNCHAUSEN SYNDROME

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4
Q

• Be aware of highly variable results and/or incompatible biochemical
profiles

• In the absence of lab workflow errors, consider sample manipulation

A

MUNCHAUSEN SYNDROME

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5
Q

• May be reported as clear, hazy/slightly cloudy, cloudy, turbid, or
milky

A

URINE CLARITY

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6
Q

• Refers to the transparency or turbidity of a specimen

A

URINE CLARITY

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7
Q

• Freshly voided urine is usually…

•_____ urine is NOT always normal

A

CLEAR

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8
Q

• Precipitation of phosphates and carbonates may cause…

A

white
cloudiness

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9
Q

•____ should correspond with the amount of material observed under the microscope

A

Clarity

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10
Q

NON-PATHOLOGIC TURBIDITY
• Presence of…

A

squamous epithelial cells and mucus

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11
Q

• Specimens allowed to stand or that are refrigerated

• White precipitate in alkaline pH:________
• Pink precipitate in acidic pH:______

A

amorphous phosphates and carbonates

amorphous urates

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12
Q

• Semen, spermatozoa, prostatic fluid
• Fecal contamination

A

NON-PATHOLOGIC TURBIDITY

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13
Q
A
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14
Q

• Radiographic contrast media: contrast materials used in x-rays and CT scans; high SG (_____)

A

> 1.040

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15
Q

• Talcum powder
• Vaginal creams

A

NON-PATHOLOGIC TURBIDITY

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16
Q

PATHOLOGIC TURBIDITY

A

• Red blood cells
• White blood cells
• Bacteria
• Yeast
• Abnormal amounts of non-squamous epithelial cells
• Trichomonads
• Abnormal crystals
• Lymph fluid: chyluria in filariasis (lymph fluid leaking into kidneys)
• Lipids
• Calculi

17
Q

• Measures the kidney’s ability to concentrate glomerular filtrate by tubular reabsorption

A

SPECIFIC GRAVITY

18
Q

SG

Methods
•_____: buoyancy
•_____: refractive index
•_____: sound waves
•_____: colligative properties
•_____: change in pH

A

Urinometry

Refractometry

Harmonic oscillation densitometry

Osmolality

Reagent strip

19
Q

ODOR
•: odorless to aromatic

A

Freshly voided urine

20
Q

• Not fresh urine: ODOR

A

ammoniacal (due to the breakdown of ammonia)

21
Q

• Bacterial infections: ODOR

A

strong, unpleasant

22
Q

• Ketones: ODOR

A

sweet or fruity

23
Q

• MSUD:ODOR

A

maple syrup

24
Q

• Phenylketonuria:ODOR

25
Q

• Tyrosinemia:ODOR

A

rancid butter

26
Q

• Isovaleric acidemia:ODOR

A

sweaty feet

27
Q

• Methionine malabsorption:ODOR

A

cabbage, hops

28
Q

• Trimethylaminuria:ODOR

A

rotting fish

29
Q

ODOR: contamination

AUBF LEC (8 decks)

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