Physical and Mechanical Control Flashcards
The blending of all effective, economical, practical and environment and ecologically sound pest control methods into a single but flexible approach in managing pests.
Integrated pest management
IPM maintains the population of any pest, or pests at or below the level that causes damage or loss, and which minimizes adverse impacts on society and environment.
True
Different tactics of IPM?
chemical, biological, cultural, physical, genetic, and regulatory procedures.
To optimize pest control in relation to the total plant production system in the light of economic, social, and environmental conditions
Integrated pest management goal
____ is the modern arsenal of pest control weapon is large and diverse. It encompasses not only the methods that cause direct mortality, but also a variety of other tactics that reduce the reproductive potential of a pest population or modify its behavior.
Pest control tactics
_____ refers to the tactics use to kill a pest. It is part of the integrated pest
management.
control method
____ refers to the mixed practices or mixture of control methods used to suppress the pest population. It is a mixture or programmed strategy to circumvent pests.
It contains different strategies that generally address an endemic, pandemic or any pestiferous issues.
Integrated pest management
What are the different control methods and or procedures applicable in preparing an integrated pest management?
- Physical/Mechanical Control
- Cultural control
- Biological control
- Behavioral Control
- Chemical Control
- Genetic Control
- Host Plant Resistance
- Regulatory Control
___ refers to direct or indirect methods that destroy pests outright or make the environment unsuitable for entry, dispersal, survival and reproduction. It includes a wide variety of devices that exclude, entrap, entangle, or electrocute insects.
Physical/Mechanical Control
___ involves the use of mechanic force or manual labor and mechanical device such as mechanical barrier, ex, use of nylon net to control diamond back moth, flea beetle, cabbage web worm etc, of crucifers.
Mechanical Control
___ involves the use of physical factors such as temperature, moisture, light and sound. Man uses physical control where he can, but difficult or impossible, except in controlled environment.
Physical Control
What are the Physical Control Techniques
A. Temperature Manipulation
B. Moisture Manipulation
C. Light Manipulation
PROVISION OF LIGHT CAUSES:
- Mating frequency reduction-
- Reduce fertility-
- Diapause disruption-
- Red hairy caterpillar
- Indian meal moth
- All diapausing insect
___It serves many purposes like monitoring initial infestation. seasonal incidence, pest-weather, relationship, pest intensity, pest survey, trapping and killing.
Light Trapping
What are the Mechanical Control Techniques?
A. Manual Labor
A.1. Handpicking
A.2. Shaking the plant
B. Mechanical Force
B.1. Entoleter
B.2 Hopped Dozer
B.3. Tillage Implements
C. Mechanical Exclusion
1.Banding
2. Wrapping/Bagging
3.Netting
4.Trenching
5.Water Barrier
6. Tim Barrier
7. Trapping
8. Insect Proof packing (stored pests)
9. Electric fencing
What are two basic types of physical control,?
Active methods and Passive methods
____use some form of energy to destroy, injure, or induce stress in crop pests or to remove them from the environment. This type of approach has an effect at the time of application, with virtually no residual action.
Active methods
cause changes in the environment and have a more lasting effect.
Passive methods,
Physical methods of control also can be classified according to the mode of energy use:
1.thermal shock (heat),
2.electromagnetic radiation (microwaves, infrared and radiofrequencies),
3.mechanical shock,
4.and pneumatic control (blowing or vacuuming tools)
______to keep pests out, combined with physical suppression techniques, are the cornerstone of the approach adopted by industrialized countries to replace_____
Mechanical barriers
methyl bromide.
Other techniques such as diatomaceous earth, hydrophilic particle films, sticky traps, and oils also are _____
passive techniques.
This type of approach is based on the premise that the commodity or crop to be protected will be less sensitive than the target pest to an abrupt change in temperature.
thermal shock
_____ kills insects by raising their internal temperature.
Nonionizing electromagnetic radiation
The utilization of radio, microwave, and infrared frequencies is based on a principle similar to that of thermal shock methods except that, with applications involving electromagnetic radiation, the transfer of energy occurs without using a heat transfer fluid.
true
Technologies that harness electromagnetic radiation are often too expensive for use in the field.
true
Passive methods should be used whenever possible, because they extend the length of the treatment. For example, plastic-lined trenches along field boundaries trap potato beetles during the whole migration period.
true
Pneumatic control consists in using an airstream to dislodge insect pests. Insects that are removed by vacuum pressure are killed when they pass through the moving parts of the blower (mechanical shock). After being dislodged by a blowing device, individuals of some insect species are injured and die because they are unable to climb back onto the host plant.
true
EXAMPLE PHYSICAL ENERGY/CONTROL
Shaking the tree
Light Trap
Heat Sterilization
Hand Picking
Use of Reflectors
Fruit Bagging
Sticky Trap
Trap Nets
Examples of Physical Barrier
Fencing
Banding
Floating row covers
Example of MECHANICAL MEANS
Mechanical Weed Control
Forceful Water Spray
Some Physical/Mechanical Control Practices:
Use of various types of mulches
Pinching off diseased parts
Hand destruction or removal of insects
Mechanical traps and attractants
Forceful stream of water
Physical removal
Physical exclusion
Grain drying
Light trapping
Removal of insects and damaged plants
______Centrifugal force is applied to kill insects of stored grain pest.
Entoleter
Kill nymphs of locusts by herding into trenches and filling with soil.
Hopped Dozer
Soil-borne insects, pupae of many insects.
Tillage Implements
_____the removal of infestation foci such as commodity residues, secondary or unproductive primary hosts for field crops.
Physical removal
_____this method is highly applicable in the storage facilities by excluding the treated grains to avoid re-infestations by pest insects.
Physical exclusion
_____this is a practice to reduce the grain moisture content and therefore become less prune to insect pests attack especially the beetles of rice in the storage.
Grain drying
____ this method of control is highly applicable to pest nocturnal insects by attracting/trapping them by the use of lights at night time.
Light trapping
Problems with Physical and Mechanical Control
Labor intensive
Cumbersome
Inefficient
Often viewed as inhumane
