CULTURAL CONTROL Flashcards
____involves purposeful manipulation of the environment to make it unfavorable for pest development and survival. It involves the manipulation of the crops and land which are designed to adversely affect the pest.
Cultural control
This method involves alteration of the environment to encourage the survival of natural enemies and/ or put stress on pest survival.
Cultural control
___the agronomic and horticultural practices done during land preparation. production up to gathering.
Cultural practice
Example of cultural practices?
- time of planting,
- use of short maturing variety,
- irrigation and water management,
- fertilizer application,
- weeding.
- land preparation and tillage,
- clean culture,
- mulching
- multiple cropping, monocropping.
- Crop rotation
Crop Manipulation tactics can be grouped into:
> Multiple cropping
Intercropping
Cover cropping
Pruning
Trellising
Defruiting
Plant spacing
Land Manipulation tactics can be grouped into:
> Tillage
No tillage
Irrigation
Flooding
Fallow
Soil-less culture (hydroponics)
Proper drainage
Hydroponics
Cultural Management tactics can be grouped into:
> Mulching
Early planting
Late planting
Fertilization
Adjust time of harvest
Crop rotation
trap crops
Sanitary Measures tactics can be grouped into:
> Removal and burning of infested part
Weeding
Farm waste decomposition
Destruction of plant residues
Elimination of breeding sites
Use of clean seeds/planting materials
opposed to monocropping is the growing of several crops/species in the same piece of land at the same time or in sequence within a year. There are several types of multicropping: intercropping, multistorey planting, relay cropping, and crop rotation.
Multicropping
This is the growing of two or more crops in alternate rows in the same piece of land in the same season per year. The crops are of different family and are supposed to receive benefits from their association. Examples are corn + mungbean intercropping, corn + peanut intercropping.
Intercropping.
In this system, three or more crops of varying depths of root proliferation are grown in a storey fashion. Crops consist of perennials and annuals. Smaller crops are supposed to have some degree of tolerance to shading.
Multistorey Planting.
This is the planting of crop even before the harvest of the main crop. The most common of this type is the rice-mungbean____. The objective is to take advantage of the residual moisture and nutrients from the soil particularly in rainfed areas.
Relay Cropping.
This is the growing of crops alternately in different parts of the farm in planned fashion to protect the soil from erosion and to build the fertility.
Crop Rotation.
different cultural controls
Multicropping, Intercropping, Multistorey Planting, Relay Cropping, Crop Rotation.
crop rotation to prevent buildup of pest populations:
true
planting or harvesting out of phase with a pest’s injurious stage(s), which is especially important against species that have a limited period of infestation or for plants with a short period of susceptibility:
true
use of trap crops on which a pest will concentrate, making its subsequent destruction
easy:
true
soil preparation, so as to bury or expose a pest, or increase the crop’s strength so that it can more easily tolerate a pest;
true
clean culture, the removal, destruction, or ploughing under of crop remains, in or under which pests may hibernate;
true
crop diversity, that is, reversal of the current practice of monoculture (growing a single crop over a wide area.
true
Soil cultivation or tillage can kill insect pests by exposing them to sunlight, predators and injuring them.
true
Removal of rubbish, infested or decaying matter as well as crop residues from around and in fields can often eliminate breeding sites for insect pests.
true
Using seeds and planting materials which are free of weed seeds and diseases.
true
Growing a variety of crops together in the same location: Increases the habitat for pest predators: Limits the number of food plants for specific insect pests; Discouraging monocultures.
true
