Module 4 Flashcards
are those pests that are introduced from outside the locality.
Exotic Pest
are those pest that are local in origin
Endemic Pest
are serious, perennially occurring persistent species that requires control measures to be taken regularly because in the absence of control they frequently occur at above economic injury thresholds.
Key or Major Pest (exotic pest)
are usually endemic species that are always found in the field at a low population.
- they do not cause
economic damage because their
populations are being controlled by many natural enemies.
Potential or Minor pest (endemic)
are usually strong fliers that can migrate from one place to another.
Occasional Pest
What are the Pest based on Abundance
Key or Major Pest
Potential Pest or Minor Pest
Occasional Pest
Example of pest that are under on Key or Major pest control?
Rice stemborers, corn borer, green leafhopper (Nephotettix spp.), diamond back moth, Pink stemborer (Sesamia inferens
Example of pest that are under on Potential pest ?
Rice whorl maggot or hydrella philippina
PESTS ARE OFTEN CLASSIFIED BY THE TYPE OF INJURY THAT THEY CAUSE
Direct pest
Indirect pest
occurs when the insect pest causes visible harm to the host organism.
Direct Pest
transmit plant, animal and human diseases.
Indirect Pest
The effect that the pest has on the crop or commodity.
Injury
The effect that injury has on man’s valuation of that crop or commodity.
Damage
CLASSIFICATION OF INSECT BASED ON FEEDING HABIT
Monophagous
Oligophagous
Polyphagous
feeds on single species of plant
Monophagous
feeds to one taxonomic/family of plants
Oligophagous
feeds on variety of crops
Polyphagous
DEVELOPMENT OF PEST STATUS
> unlimited supply of susceptible host
Favorable condition for growth
Changing biological pressure
Weed reserved in the field
WHY DO WE HAVE PEST??
• Because there are some purpose for them
• Agriculture aim to produce food and there are some destroying your aim and that is pest
• Balance ecosystem
also called action threshold which indicate the number of insect pest (density or intensity) that should trigger management activity to prevent from reaching EIL.
ECONOMIC THRESHOLD LEVEL
_______ is defined in terms of population density, it actually represents the time for instigation of control measures.
ECONOMIC THRESHOLD LEVEL
level of pests population at which control measures are employed to prevent the population from exceeding the EIL.
ECONOMIC THRESHOLD LEVEL
Pest density at which the loss caused by the pest equals in value the cost of available control measures
ECONOMIC INJURY LEVEL
•Lowest population density that will cause economic damage (amt. of damage whose value is greater than the cost of controlling pest)
ECONOMIC INJURY LEVEL
Usually expressed as the number of insects per unit area or per sampling unit
ECONOMIC INJURY LEVEL
•Tells the maximum number of pests the crop could tolerate but it does not tell when to do something about the problem
ECONOMIC INJURY LEVEL
occur when the value of damage is greater than the cost of controlling the pests
Economic Damage
The average density of a population over a period of time in the absence of permanent environmental change.
General Equilibrium Position
